Water Issues
1ST BUIDING TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT NATIONAL CONFERENCE
27TH – 29TH 2009
THEME: CHALLENGES IN BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES.
ACCESS TO POTABLE WATER SUPPLY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIAN CITIES,
TOWNS AND URBAN CENTRES – A CASE STUDY OF AUCHI, EDO STATE.
BY 1 2 3 4
FADELE .S .O., USMAN .D. D., ELAMAH .D., EBUBE .O. C.
(1,2,3, & 4)
DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY AUCHI POLYTECHNIC
AUCHI EDO STATE
ACCESS TO POTABLE WATER SUPPLY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGEIRAN CITIES, TOWNS AND URBAN CENTRES – A CASE STUDY OF AUCHI, EDO STATE.
ABSTRACT
Water is important to life, and the World possesses fixed amount of water, which is found to occur naturally in various forms, such as oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, underground waters, ice caps, glaciers and rain. This water plays an important part in maintaining the balance of the world’s weather, especially through the presence of water vapour in the atmosphere. Water is also essential for the growth of vegetation such as trees, vegetables and food crops as well as raising farm animals. Man needs a small amount of water for drinking but much greater amounts are needed for washing and waste disposal, in homes, industry and commerce. The daily consumption of water in some cities is less that 10 litres per person on average (Oyebande 1993 and Morenikeji 2006). This is at variance with the acceptable International Standard of 180 litres per person per day and The Third National Development plan of 112 litres per person per day (Okpalla 1986). The total supply of natural water in the earth is enormous and should be adequate for man’s needs. However, local shortages do occur especially when droughts are combined with poor management resources. This paper dealt with sources of water, quality and quantity of
27TH – 29TH 2009
THEME: CHALLENGES IN BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES.
ACCESS TO POTABLE WATER SUPPLY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIAN CITIES,
TOWNS AND URBAN CENTRES – A CASE STUDY OF AUCHI, EDO STATE.
BY 1 2 3 4
FADELE .S .O., USMAN .D. D., ELAMAH .D., EBUBE .O. C.
(1,2,3, & 4)
DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY AUCHI POLYTECHNIC
AUCHI EDO STATE
ACCESS TO POTABLE WATER SUPPLY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGEIRAN CITIES, TOWNS AND URBAN CENTRES – A CASE STUDY OF AUCHI, EDO STATE.
ABSTRACT
Water is important to life, and the World possesses fixed amount of water, which is found to occur naturally in various forms, such as oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, underground waters, ice caps, glaciers and rain. This water plays an important part in maintaining the balance of the world’s weather, especially through the presence of water vapour in the atmosphere. Water is also essential for the growth of vegetation such as trees, vegetables and food crops as well as raising farm animals. Man needs a small amount of water for drinking but much greater amounts are needed for washing and waste disposal, in homes, industry and commerce. The daily consumption of water in some cities is less that 10 litres per person on average (Oyebande 1993 and Morenikeji 2006). This is at variance with the acceptable International Standard of 180 litres per person per day and The Third National Development plan of 112 litres per person per day (Okpalla 1986). The total supply of natural water in the earth is enormous and should be adequate for man’s needs. However, local shortages do occur especially when droughts are combined with poor management resources. This paper dealt with sources of water, quality and quantity of
References: Bella – Omunagbe C. and Fadele S. O. (2009), “Introduction to Building Services, 2nd Edition, God is Good Publication Auchi. Blower, G. J. (1989) “Plumbing: Mechanical Service 1 & 2, 2ND Edition: Longman Scientific & Technical Publication UK. Chudley R. and Greeno R.(2004), “ Building Construction Handbook 5th Edition, Elssevier Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, UK Hall, F. (1985) “Plumbing Technology: Longman Group Ltd, Hong Kong Morenikeji, W Oyebande, L. (1993) Published Article “Policy Horizon for Sustainable Urban Water Management in Nigeria. Punmia B. C; Jain, A. K. and Jain .A. K; (2006) Water Supply Engineering 2nd Edition Laxmi Publications (p) Ltd, New Delhi The Guardian – Page 31 – Friday 16th May, 2008 Virjee K