Answer theses same questions for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin C and vitamin E.…
Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, and pantothenic acid are B vitamins needed to produce ATP from carbohydrate, fat, and protein. Vitamin B6 is important for amino acid metabolism as well as energy production. Folate is a coenzyme that is needed for cell division. Vitamin B12, only found in animal foods, is needed for nerve function and to activate folate. Vitamin C is needed to form connective tissue and acts as a watersoluble antioxidant. Vitamin A is essential for vision, and it regulates cell differentiation and growth. Vitamin D is necessary for bone health. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting.…
For Miss Hawthorne, supplementation is not an option. Animal’s are unable to synthesize the amount of vitamins and minerals they need just from supplements alone and it needs to be provided in a correctly balanced diet. With regards to Vitamin A supplementation, Miss Hawthorne is told that it is fat soluble and will remain in an animal’s body for a long time. It is discussed with Miss Hawthorne that this can lead to a problem called “hyper-vitaminosis A”. Miss Hawthorne is informed this can cause the spine to harden and lead to symptoms, such as stiff neck, trouble walking, and body…
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin and is necessary for normal growth and development. It is essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of tissue, cartilage, bones, and teeth. The C vitamin also aids in healing wounds and making scar tissue. Vitamin C is an antioxidant that helps reduce the effects of…
Vitamins are primarily classified by solubility. Some vitamins are soluble in water and others are soluble in fat. “According to The National Institute of Health, the body needs 13 vitamins for normal health.” This includes vitamins A, C, D, E, K and the B complex vitamins, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, B6, B12 and folate. Each of these vitamins provides a variety of functions to the body which can be obtained from a well balanced diet (Farris, 2012).…
Secondly, the article positively affects the reliability because the author has a clear explanation, she indicated distinctly what and why multivitamins might do more harm than good. To support her opinions, she compared with different vitamins’ function and downside. For example, vitamin A (beta-carotene)…
Vitamin A can be found in liver, carrots, sweet potatoes and other fruits and vegetables. Vitamin A is important to our vision, gene expression, and immunity. Someone suffering from vitamin A deficiency can suffer from night blindness, keratin deposits around the hair follicle, impaired tissue growth, and anemia. Liver damage, hair loss, bone, decreased appetite, hemorrhages, and coma can result from long term toxicity and abdominal pain, nausea, muscle contractions, and dizziness can result in short term toxicity (Grosvenor & Smolin,…
Vitamin A helps with vision, Vitamin D is essential because it helps the body to be able to use the calcium that it receives to strengthen bones and teeth, Vitamin E develops strong muscles and healthy skin and Vitamin K helps to prevent blood clots.…
References: Barsh, G.S. (2003). What controls variation in skin color? PLOS 1(1): 019–022. Bodnar, L.M., Simhan, H.N., Powers, R.W., Frank, M.P., Cooperstein, E., and Roberts, J.M. (2007). High prevalence of vitamin D insu ciency in black and white pregnant women residing in the northern United States and their neonates. Journal of Nutrition 137(2):447–52. Branda, R.F., and Eaton, J.W. (1978). Skin colour and nutrient photolysis: An evolutionary hypothesis. Science 201: 625–626. Calvo, M.S., and Whiting, S.J. (2003). Prevalence of vitamin D insu ciency in Canada and the United States: Importance to health status and e cacy of current food forti cation and dietary supplement use. Nutrition Reviews 61(3): 107–13. Cosentino, M.J., Pakyz, R.E., and Fried, J. (1990). Pyrimethamine: An approach to the development of a male contraceptive. Proceedings of the National Academy of Scences. (U.S.A.) 87, 1431–1435. Freeman, S. (2005). Biological Science, 2nd edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Gozdzik, A., Barta, J.L., Wu, H., Wagner, D., Cole, D.E., Vieth, R., Whiting, S., and Parra, E.J. (2008). Low wintertime vitamin D levels in a sample of healthy young adults of diverse ancestry living in the Toronto area: Associations with vitamin D intake and skin pigmentation. BMC Public Health 8: e336. Retrieved 22 April 2011 from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/8/336#B37. Holick, M.F., and Chen, T.C. (2008). Vitamin D de ciency: A worldwide problem with health consequences. Am J Clin Nutr 2008, 87(4):1080S-1086S. Mathur, U., Datta, S.L., and Mathur, B.B. (1977). e e ect of aminopterin-induced folic acid de ciency on spermatogenesis. Fertility Sterility 28, 1356–1360. Mittelstaedt, M. (2007). Are you getting enough vitamin D. Globe and Mail Dec 19 2007. Retrieved 8 December 2009 from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/article804980.ece. Relethford, J.H. (1997). Hemispheric di erence in human skin color. Am J Phys Anthropol 104: 449–457.…
Antioxidants are found in food as amino acids, bioflavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins, and minerals. Vitamins A, C, and E are antioxidant powerhouses that prevent as well as clean up free radical damage. For example, vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents oxidative damage in cells, keeping cell walls from breaking down by protecting the essential fatty acids within those cell walls. Vitamin E is best known for protecting skin cells from ultraviolet radiation (UV rays); it also keeps stored vitamin A from…
Hennig, A., Foster, A., Shrestha, S. P., and Pokharel, R. P. (1991),Vitamin A deficiency and corneal ulceration in Nepal: implications for preventing blindness in children, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 69(2), pp 235-239…
Note: Academic writing usually avoids the pronouns 'I' and 'we', but some disciplines allow more…
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that supports vision, immunity, genes, growth, development and production of red blood cells. Vitamin A from food sources is not harmful in large amounts but may cause skin discolorations. However, supplemental vitamin A can be toxic. According to the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University, acute vitamin A toxicity is rare but can cause nausea, headache, fatigue, loss of appetite, dizziness, dry skin and swelling of the brain. Side effects of chronic vitamin A toxicity include dry and itchy skin, loss of appetite, headache, swelling of the brain and bone and joint pain.…
Vitamin A deficiency is a horrible disease. It causes side effects such as night blindness, conjuctival xerosis, bilot spots, corneal xerosis, corneal scars and xerophthalmia. Unfortunately this disease mostly affects the poor. The disease is not as prevalent in this country as it is in other such as Africa and Asia. It becomes worse because the citizens of these countries do not possess the knowledge to identify the front line symptoms, neither do they have any trust in western medicine. So many (mostly young children) contract and will die of this deficiency every day. This disease is easily preventable and also easily curable if caught in the early stages. Over the past decade a major push for vitamin A deficiency awareness has taken place. But the vast majority of people stricken with this disease are living in the poorest of the poor area’s so they have no money to pay for treatment and as previously mentioned have a lack of trust in western medicines. The fight has not been easy but it is a battle that needs to be fought.…
vegetable oil =5%, vitamin premix = 1%, di-calcium phosphate (DCP) = 0.5% and salt =…