Computer Bus Arhitecture
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Bus (computing)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
4 PCI Express bus card slots (from top to bottom: x4, x16, x1 and x16), compared to a 32-bitconventional PCI bus card slot (very bottom)
In computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.
Early computer buses were parallel electrical wires with multiple connections, but the term is now used for any physical arrangement that provides the same logical functionality as a parallel electrical bus. Modern computer buses can use both parallel and bit serial connections, and can be wired in either a multidrop (electrical parallel) or daisy chain topology, or connected by switched hubs, as in the case of USB. |
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[edit]Background and nomenclature
Computer systems generally consist of three main parts, the central processing unit (CPU) to process data, main memory to hold the data to be processed, and a variety of peripherals to communicate that data with the outside world. An early computer might use a hand-wired CPU of vacuum tubes, a magnetic drum for main memory, and a punch tape and printer for reading and writing data. In a modern system we might find a multi-core CPU, DDR3 SDRAM for memory, a hard drive for offline data, a graphics card and LCD display as a display system, a mouse andkeyboard for interaction, and a Wi-Fi connection for networking. In both examples, computer buses of one form or another move data between all of these devices.
In most traditional computer architectures, the CPU and main memory tend to be tightly coupled. The microprocessor conventionally has a number of electrical connections called "pins" that can be used to select an "address" in the main memory, and another set of pins to read and write the data stored at that location. In most cases, the CPU and memory share signalling characteristics and
Bus (computing)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
4 PCI Express bus card slots (from top to bottom: x4, x16, x1 and x16), compared to a 32-bitconventional PCI bus card slot (very bottom)
In computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.
Early computer buses were parallel electrical wires with multiple connections, but the term is now used for any physical arrangement that provides the same logical functionality as a parallel electrical bus. Modern computer buses can use both parallel and bit serial connections, and can be wired in either a multidrop (electrical parallel) or daisy chain topology, or connected by switched hubs, as in the case of USB. |
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[edit]Background and nomenclature
Computer systems generally consist of three main parts, the central processing unit (CPU) to process data, main memory to hold the data to be processed, and a variety of peripherals to communicate that data with the outside world. An early computer might use a hand-wired CPU of vacuum tubes, a magnetic drum for main memory, and a punch tape and printer for reading and writing data. In a modern system we might find a multi-core CPU, DDR3 SDRAM for memory, a hard drive for offline data, a graphics card and LCD display as a display system, a mouse andkeyboard for interaction, and a Wi-Fi connection for networking. In both examples, computer buses of one form or another move data between all of these devices.
In most traditional computer architectures, the CPU and main memory tend to be tightly coupled. The microprocessor conventionally has a number of electrical connections called "pins" that can be used to select an "address" in the main memory, and another set of pins to read and write the data stored at that location. In most cases, the CPU and memory share signalling characteristics and