form Dikaryotic cell 3. Hyphae grow into large mycelium 4. Mycelium matures into mushroom cap with gills 5. Basidium on gills produces spores 6. Haploid nuclei fuse to form diploid zygote 7. Zygotes produce new haploid nuclei which becomes basidiospores (released as spores) Zygote: formed by the fusion of two different sex cells‚ such as sperm and an egg Importance * Fungi‚ along with bacteria are the major decomposers on Earth‚ they are responsible for the cycling of nutrients
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I. A. Neutral Evolution 1. Kimura 1968 2. Proposed much of genetic variation is neutral 3. Neutral mutations do not affect phenotype a) Either do not alter product of gene b) Affect non-coding regions of DNA 4. Not subject to natural selection 5. Useful for reconstructing phylogenies B. Speciation 1. Formation of new species from ancestral species 2. 2 components a) genetic isolation b) Genetic divergence 3. Adds new branch to the tree of life C. Species Concept 1. Evolutionary independent
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Binary fission begins with DNA replication. DNA replication starts from an origin of replication‚ which opens up into a replication bubble (note: prokaryotic DNA replication usually has only 1 origin of replication‚ whereas eukaryotes have multiple origins of replication). The replication bubble separates the DNA double strand‚ each strand acts as template for synthesis of a daughter strand by semiconservative replication‚ until the entire prokaryotic DNA is duplicated. After this replicational
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The human reproductive system is all about how the timing‚ hormones‚ male and female reproductive systems (sperm and egg). First‚ in order for a baby to come into this world‚ the male and the female reproductive systems must work correctly. Both male and female has their own/different parts that work in order for a baby to be conceived. Although the male and the female reproductive systems are different‚ once they meet and come together they work together to make a baby at the end of result.
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Plant Kingdom (Biology) | Close | | Study Material | | Division Algae Classification within Angiosperms * Artificial system of classification * Given by Linnaeus * Based on vegetative characters and androecium structures * Gave equal importance to vegetative and sexual characteristics * Natural system of classification * Based on morphology‚ anatomy‚ embryology‚ and phytochemistry * Given by George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker * Phylogenetic
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Q1:Why is reproduction essential for organisms? Reproduction is a fundamental feature of all living organisms. It is a biological process through which living organisms produce offspring’s similar to them. Reproduction ensures the continuance of various species on the Earth. In the absence of reproduction‚ the species will not be able to exist for a long time and may soon get extinct. Q2:Which is a better mode of reproduction sexual or asexual? Why? Sexual reproduction is a better mode of reproduction
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explicitly determining what properties a thing must possess to have a right to life. It is enough to define that adult human beings have this property and clearly they have a right to live. Therefore by the potentiality principle‚ it follows that the zygote of a human being must also have a right to life (Tooley‚ 1972). The potentiality principle is also very important according to Tooley because it not only provides support for the conservative’s position
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* Medical engineering * Medical Engineering encompasses a broad range of activities‚ and is altrnatively called Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering. It is a multi-disciplinary subject integrating professional engineering activities with a basic medical knowledge of the human body and an understanding of how it functions when healthy‚ diseased or injured. * Medical Engineers are needed for the healthcare industry‚ the world’s biggest industrial sector‚ which has a turnover approaching
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likely to eventually get leukemia and Alzheimer’s. duplication- This occurs when part of a chromosome is removed from one chromosome and migrates to another chromosome. fertilization- This occurs when a sperm combines with an egg to produce a zygote. gamete- This are the egg and sperm. They are haploid (in humans they only contain 23 chromosomes‚ while the body cells have 46 chromosomes). genetic recombination- This is when chromosomes differ from the beginning parental/maternal chromosomes
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Chapter 12 1. P. J. van Beneden proposed that an egg and a sperm‚ each containing half the complement of chromosomes found in somatic cells‚ fuse to produce a single cell called a _______. 2. _______ is a process of nuclear division in which the number of chromosomes in certain cells is halved during gamete formation. 3. ______ cells such as gametes contain one set of chromosomes. 4. Organisms that undertake sexual reproduction alternate between ______ and fertilization. 5. The two
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