2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND BRAND PERSONALITY A brand personality can be defined as the set of human characteristics associated with a given brand. Thus it includes such characteristics as gender‚ age‚ and socioeconomic class‚ as well as such classic personality traits as warmth‚ concern and sentimentality. Brand Personality like human personality‚ is both distinctive and enduring. For example‚ one analysis found Coke to be considered real and authentic whereas Pepsi was
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Products are mute: the brand is what gives them meaning and purpose‚ telling us how a product should read. A brand is both a prism and a magnifying glass through which products can be decoded. Brands play a critical role in developing customer relationships and determining firm performance which eventually leads to brand commitment.. A brand is the identity of a specific product‚ service‚ or business. The brand is a focal point for all the positive and negative impressions created by the buyer
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Brand Extensions Brand extension is a marketing strategy according to which a company marketing a product or a service launches a new offering (product or service) that is related to the one of the existing brands of the company‚ but offers different benefits and/or targets a different segment. Organizations use this strategy to increase and leverage upon their brand equity. When a firm is introducing a new product‚ it has the following 3 choices on branding: 1. Developing a new brand for the
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on the Association between Brand Awareness and Consumer/Brand Loyalty for the Packaged Milk Industry in Pakistan M.I. Subhani and Amber Osman* ABSTRACT Brand awareness remains fundamental to consumer life as the interaction initiation point to the brands. This paper put forwards the relationship of brand awareness on consumer/brand loyalty in the packaged milk brands in the urban Pakistan. There is evidence of brand awareness and consumer/brand loyalty on brand equity. The approach takes into
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1. What were the keys for success for Starbucks in building the brand? What were its brand values? What were their sources of equity? Lo que ha llevado al éxito a Starbucks desde mi punto de vista es: a. Orientación total al cliente: la máxima de que el cliente siempre tiene la razón es prioritaria en la compañía b. Consistencia: un cliente sabe que obtendrá la misma experiencia ya sea en DF o en New York c. El uso de la satisfacción del empleado como generador de satisfacción del cliente
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Brand selected: Wing On Travel Agency Content Page Introduction .................................................................................................................. 2 Company Background ................................................................................................. 2 Revitalization strategies – Expanding brand awareness .......................................... 3 Revitalization strategies –Improving the brand image .......................................
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Brand Community Introduction During the last fifteen years‚ there are many popular subjects: relationship marketing and brand building‚etc.These hot subjects encourage interaction and speed up the incubation of new sources of disciplinary growth: Brand Relationship(the relationship between consumer and brand).In Brand Relationship theory sysytem‚more scholars focus on the relationship between consumer and brand‚ but Muniz and O’Guinn(2001) did more research on the relationship among consumers
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What is a Brand ? Brands were originally developed as labels of ownership: name‚ term‚ design‚ and symbol. However‚ today it is what they do for people that matters much more‚ how they reflect and engage them‚ how they define their aspiration and enable them to do more. Powerful brands can drive success in competitive and financial markets‚ and indeed become the organization’s most valuable assets. A brand is name‚ term‚ sign‚ symbol‚ design‚ or a combination of the above to identify the goods
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BRAND PERSONALITY - THE RELATIONSHIP BASIS MODEL Some people may never aspire to have the personality of a competent leader but would like to have a relationship with one‚ especially if they need a banker or a lawyer. A trustworthy‚ dependable‚ conservative personality might be boring but might nonetheless reflect characteristics valued in a financial advisor‚ a lawn service‚ or even a car – consider the Volvo brand personality. The concept of a relationship between a brand and a person (analogous
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formula. While licensing agreements also aimed to specify how the Heineken brand should be marketed‚ Heineken could not influence how a licensee marketed its own brands. At the end of 1993‚ Heineken‚ being the market leader in Netherlands‚ was viewed as a mainstream brand. Outside the Netherlands‚ however‚ Heineken had consistently been marketed as a premium brand. Sales volume was declining and the brand image needed some revitalization. In January 1994‚ senior managers at Heineken headquarters in
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