advantages of TPA over DMT are as follows: * Weight of TPA required per ton of fibre is about 15% less than that of DMT. * Lower TPA: glycol ratios are possible as compared to DMT: glycol ratio. * Methanol as a by-product is not produced when TPA is used as in DMT use. Hence‚ no methanol recovery plant is needed. *
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he observed‚ " … the use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today. But such oils may in the course of time become as important as petroleum and the coal tar products of present time." In 1970‚ scientists discovered that the viscosity of vegetable oils could be reduced by a simple chemical process and that it could perform as diesel fuel in modern engine. Since then the technical developments have come a long way and the plant oil today has been highly established as bio fuel
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?? % Final) Chapter 1: Fluids statics assignment 1. A spherical tank of methanol with internal diameter of 0.75m has a mass of 1400 kg. Find the methanol’s weight‚ density‚ specific weight‚ specific volume‚ specific gravity and dynamic viscosity if kinematic viscosity is 1.5 stoke Weight‚ 13734 N Density‚6337.9 kg/m³ Specific weight‚ 62174 N/m³ Specific volume‚1.578×10-4 m³/kg Specific gravity‚ 6.34 Dynamic viscosity‚ 0.95 kg/m.s 2. A cone with base radius of 5 cm and height of 20 cm is
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liquid. It can readily change in density upon minor changes in temperature or pressure. 7 Characteristics of supercritical fluid : They have a combination of vapor & liquid properties. They have densities higher than gas & lower than liquid & viscosities less than liquids. Their diffusivities are gas-like. They
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Biodiesel production yields varied from 81.7 to 88.0 (wt%)‚ the lowest yields being the ones obtained using waste frying oil and lard alone as raw materials. The obtained products fulfilled most of the determined quality specifications according to European biodiesel quality standard EN 14214. Minimum purity (96.5 wt%) was closely obtained when waste frying oil was used alone and when 0.2% of lard was incorporated in the raw material (96.3 wt%); however‚ it ranged from 93.9 to 96.3 (wt%)
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Asian Journal of Applied Sciences (ISSN: 2321 – 0893) Volume 02 – Issue 01‚ February 2014 Quality of Oleoresinous Wood Varnish Prepared using Resin Synthesized from Tannin Extracted from Stem Bark of Khaya senegalensis Osei Akoto1 and Anthony Osei-Brefoh2 1 Department of Chemistry‚ Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi‚ Ghana 2 Department of Chemistry‚ Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi‚ Ghana __________________________________________
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at the bottom of the beaker. Ethanol was added to the mixture and crystals started to from. After cooling duration crystals are visibly bound together. Part B: Spinach extract is visibly dark in colour with very little transparency‚ thick viscosity and no visible particles. The spinach extract on the TLC plate duration from origin to reach the solvent front was 10min. There were 6 different pigment movements on the TLC plate; constituent type‚
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Production of Biodiesel by Enzymatic Transesterification: using Waste Cooking Oil as feedstock and Candida Antarctica Lipase B as Biocatalyst. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTON The high cost of bio-diesel‚ compared to petroleum-based diesel‚ is a major barrier to its commercialization. It has been reported that 60-90% of bio-diesel cost arises from the cost of the feedstock oil (C.C. Lai et al.‚ 2005). Studies showed the potential of waste-cooking oil (WCO) as a material for biodiesel production
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Design and development of a Test rig to determine the Thermal and oxidation stability of Biodiesel Aim Design and fabrication of a test rig to determine thermal stability and oxidation stability of biodiesel. Objective Design of the reactor Fabrication of the reactor Fabrication of the control system Testing of the system Automation of the system Performance study of the oil for thermal stability Performance study of the oil for oxidation stability Introduction The term biofuel is used
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past homework assignments in addition to this guide to prepare for Exam 1. 1. What are the differences between solids‚ liquids and gases with respect to molecular velocity‚ density‚ shape and volume? 2. What is surface tension? 3. What is viscosity? 4. Explain the processes by which matter can change phase. Which are exothermic and which are endothermic? 5. Rubbing alcohol is very volatile. What does this statement mean? 6. What is dynamic equilibrium? Vapor pressure? 7. How is the “normal
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