a. Traditional Budgeting Wildavsky (1978‚ p.502) mentions that "traditional budgeting is annual (repeated yearly) and incremental (departing marginally from the year before)". It is conducted on a cash basis in current dollar. It is also in the form of line-items such as personnel or maintenance. This system is essentially a financial plan of estimated expenditures expressed in terms of kinds and quantities of objects to be bought and the estimated funds needed to finance them during a specified
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Multicultural Education: Piecing Together the Puzzle When a child opens his (or her) first puzzle and the pieces fall to the ground‚ it may seem very confusing. What are they to do with this pile of shapes in front of them? It often takes a parent to explain to them that all the different pieces fit together into one whole picture. Although every piece is different and unique‚ when they are all put into their place they form one whole picture. In the same way‚ teachers can teach multiculturalism
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Traditional and modern dialictology Historically‚ the study of language in society features three perspectives: Geographical perspective (since 19th century)‚ Anthropological perspective (since 1920s)‚ the study of language and culture Sociological perspective (since 1960s). Anthropology‚ sociology A major distinction is made between the geographical perspective‚ also referred to as traditional dialectology‚ and the sociological perspective‚ or modern dialectology. Dialectology as such is
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"What do I know about that stuff?" "We have traditional performances?" "Do they still perform that kind of thing?" "Weddings are cultural? I thought it was just tradition." Wait‚ isn’t that the same thing? These are remarks most commonly expressed by the locals of my very own generation when asked about local culture and theatre. More and more questions come into the mind of a typical local when you talk to them about Malaysian culture. Malaysia is known for its natural beauty‚ modern buildings‚
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Traditional African Religion Before one starts to outline the traditional religion in Africa‚ one must first explain the way Africa is as a whole. Without the knowledge of the past combined with knowledge of culture‚ one would have a very vague‚ if any‚ understanding of traditional religion. Out of all of the continents‚ Africa is the most central. It is told that the first man was found in Africa‚ so with this‚ many feel that Africa is the birthplace of human culture. Within this continent
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ZULU TRADITIONAL DANCE Zulu means the people of heaven‚ which is a friendly and hospitable culture. They have an expressive language punctuated with distinctive click sounds. The Zulu people are proud of their nation and treasure their heritage. During the 16th and 17th centuries‚ they had a powerful king named Shaka Zulu. He helped expand the Zulu tribe territory and claimed that he was king of all Africa. Many cultures in Africa today still have traditions that were influenced by the Zulu people
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and indispensable gele or headdress can be very tricky or at most quite frustrating. A not so good headdress could make the day’s event a miserable one‚ as you are constantly seen excusing yourself to the ladies room to fix it. As part of your traditional wedding regalia‚ you cannot afford to make a little mistake in getting the best style of the pack on your wedding day. Your gele should be tied well in advance like a day or two days before the wedding and not on the wedding day. This would help
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most of traditional buildings‚ in my nation‚ that offer provide few rooms can hardly hard to meet the demands for housing as increasing numbers of people pour into the city. Compared to before‚ today’s population has doubled and even trebled‚ which puts seriouspressure on housing supply. As a result‚ new buildings must be substituted for old ones that have more efficient utility‚ even for some old buildings that have been damaged seriously. No doubts that building or maintaining traditional buildings
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For centuries‚ traditional medicine has been infused with a masculine bias‚ often to the disadvantage of both doctors and patients. Women have always been central in providing medical care‚ whether offering remedies in the home‚ nursing or acting as midwives. However‚ the medical profession has been male dominated for most of its history. In Europe this came about from the 1400s‚ when many cities and governments decided that only those trained in universities were allowed to formally practice medicine
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factory‚ construction‚ become police officers or firefighters‚ and are in politics events as well as in the military. However it wasn’t like this back then. Traditional gender roles have a positive and negative affect as our society grows‚ even though we have overcome some of these obstacles‚ we are still fighting against them because traditional roles are still relevant today as it was back then. For example in the story “My Name” by Sandra Cisneros‚ her great grandmother was a strong independent
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