Running head: TWO FORMS OF DEDUCTIVE REASONING – ABSTRACT AND THEMATIC – AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH WORKING MEMORY 1 Abstract The relationship between two forms of deductive reasoning - abstract and thematic - and working memory capacity were examined. Two forms (abstract and thematic) of the Wason selection task and the Ospan test for general working memory capacity were used. Seventy eight‚ third-year‚ distance psychology students were tested in a counterbalanced experimental design.
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The Nature of Reasoning What is Reasoning? a mental act whereby starting with several judgments which we relate to one another. the process which uses arguments‚ statements‚ premises and axioms to define weather a statement is true or false‚ resulting in a logical or illogical reasoning. the process of using a rational‚ systematic series of steps based on sound mathematical procedures and given statements to arrive at a conclusion. the cognitive skills with which we reach
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Deductive and Inductive Arguments Assignment # Course name Your name School name Prof’s name 04/09/2015 According to the definition of deductive argument‚ it described the structure of a specific kind of argument; a deductive argument is an argument is an argument that attempts to prove its conclusion necessarily. Loosely verbalizing‚ if the author’s operation of logical thinking is a good one‚ if the premises authentically do provide this scarcely justification for the conclusion‚ then
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State • Deductive “Deductive reasoning is a basic form of valid reasoning. Deductive reasoning‚ or deduction‚ starts out with a general statement‚ or hypothesis‚ and examines the possibilities to reach a specific‚ logical conclusion”. • Inductive “refers to reasoning that takes specific information and makes a broader generalization that is considered probable‚ allowing for the fact that the conclusion may not be accurate. 2. Elaborate In other words deductive reasoning works from more
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Kurt Lieberknecht The similarities and difference between inductive and deductive arguments. The best way to describe the similarities and difference between inductive and deductive arguments‚ it would be best if the term "argument" had a definition. Everyday people have arguments. For these everyday conversations "argument" means "dispute". In this Logic class an argument consists of claims or statements followed by a final claim. The statements that articulates the reason for agreement of the
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Deductive versus Inductive When presenting a logical argument the process of supporting the conclusion comes from the premises provided. Therefore‚ to stand up and present his or her beliefs‚ then will need a form of logical‚ deductive‚ and inductive reasoning to establish your argument. In the approach of a valid argument‚ there are seven rules of deductive inference and they are Modus Ponens‚ Modus Tollens‚ Hypothetical Syllogism‚ Disjunctive Syllogism‚ Conjunction‚ Simplification
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The hypothetico-deductive model or method is a proposed description of scientific method. According to it‚ scientific inquiry proceeds by formulating a hypothesis in a form that could conceivably be falsified by a test on observable data. A test that could and does run contrary to predictions of the hypothesis is taken as a falsification of the hypothesis. A test that could but does not run contrary to the hypothesis corroborates the theory. It is then proposed to compare the explanatory value of
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cognizant of his or her surroundings while shopping at local malls. Premise 2: Three local malls in San Antonio had incidents in the past two days. Conclusion: Therefore‚ people need to be vigilant while shopping at local malls in San Antonio. The deductive argument is true since premise 1 states people should be cognizant of his or her surroundings while shopping at malls. This argument is a valid statement. The San Antonio Police Department asks that people be cautious while shopping and also to
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In this essay I will be arguing against Plato’s theory of knowledge given in the Republic’s divided line. I will distinguish the differences and similarities in the epistemological concepts of Plato and Aristotle intending to explain how one comes to have knowledge and the process through which it’s obtained. As support‚ I will explain Plato’s theory of forms and Aristotle’s theory of essence because they are a direct correlation to their view of knowledge through reality. Plato’s theory of Forms
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CHAPTER ONE DEDUCTIVE AND INDUCTIVE APPROACHES – A SHORT REVIEW 1.1. Definitions and names When it comes to teaching grammar two main trends have been competing with one another for ages‚ these are: deductive and inductive approaches. While the first one seems to be more successful as it has continuously been applied since ancient times‚ the other was appreciated only in Classical‚ Reneissance‚ 19th and 20th century (Johnson‚ 1999‚ p. 147). However‚ it seems to have gained real popularity
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