also learn about the standardization of bases (NaOH) and acids (HCl) which is basically making a dilution to change the molarity. The first reaction consists of titrating sodium hydroxide (NaOH) into potassium acid phthalate (KHP or K[HC8H4O4]): K+[HC8H4O4]- + Na+OH- => K+Na+[HC8H4O4]- + H2O The second titration we did was hydrochloric acid (HCl) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH): HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) => NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) Procedure: You need to calculate the volume of 3 M NaOH needed to make 500 mL
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titrations is phenolphthalein. Phenolphthalein is a colorless material in acidic and weakly basic solutions. Once the solution is titrated to a more basic solution the indicator turns pink. Before titrating an unknown acid we will first standardize the NaOH solution. By this we mean we will accurately determine its concentration through a titration experiment. A known amount of a standard (we will use KHP)
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1M of NaOH = 23g/mol + 16g/mol + 1g/mol = 40g/mol 1M = 40g/mol dissolved in 1L and 20g dissolved in 500ml 20g of NaOH was used to prepare 500ml of 1M NaOH. Part B Molecular weight of 1M of HCl = 35.5g/mol + 1g/mol = 36.5g/mol Specific gravity = 1.19kg/L 37% HC1 × 1.19kg/L = 0.44kg/L Convert w/v to mol/v = = 12mol/L = (12mol/L) = (1M)250ml = 20.83ml ≈ 21ml 21ml of concentrated HC1 is used to prepare 250ml of 1M of HC1. Part C For 0.1N of NaOH : For 0.1N of HC1 : (1M) = 50ml of NaOH (1M)
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X.XX M (@95% confidence interval) (adapted from a report prepared by N. Skrynnikov‚ 2009) Abstract The concentration of an unknown acid (HA) solution was determined by titration with a standardized solution of sodium hydroxide. The standardization of NaOH was done by titration with a solid acid sample‚ potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP)‚ and phenolphthalein indicator. The unknown concentration (Cunknown) was determined to be X.XX ± X.XX M at a 95% confidence interval‚ and the methods described
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percentage of acetic acid in solution can be determined from the concentration of the vinegar. Procedure: Part A – Standardization of a Sodium Hydroxide Solution 1. Prepare 150 mL of approximately 0.5M sodium hydroxide solution from solid NaOH. The solution can be prepared in a beaker‚ it is not necessary to use a graduated cylinder or a volumetric flask because the NaOH solution will be standardized. 2. Weigh a 150-mL beaker and record the mass to the nearest 0.001 g. Add approximately
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To determine the weight-to-volume percent of acetic acid present in commercial vinegar and the weight-to-volume percent of ammonia present in window cleaners. Acid-base titrations can be conducted using the above samples against standardized aqueous NaOH and standardized aqueous HCl solutions respectively. 2. Introduction: Acetic acid‚ commonly known as ethanoic acid CH3COOH‚ is found in commercial vinegar. It is a weak organic acid that gives vinegar its characteristic pungent smell‚ sour taste
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Student notes for the lab will be available on the lab T-Square site. Learning Objectives Students will be able to... • Use a known mass of solid acid to determine an unknown concentration of a basic solution (this process is called “standardization”). • Execute a titration using good‚ reliable technique. • Use stoichiometry calculations and reactions occurring during a titration to convert from a known mass of acid to an unknown amount of base (and concentration). • Observe a pH indicator
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Bases: Reactions‚ Standardizations‚ & Titrations Experiments 21 & 22 Experimental Overview: The procedure for this experiment was carried out as instructed in the laboratory manual‚ Experiments in General Chemistry‚ 4th ed.‚ S.L. Murov‚ Experiment 21‚ Acids and Bases: Reactions and Standardizations‚ and Experiment 22‚ Acids and Bases: Analysis. There were modifications made by the instructor to dilute the 6M NaOH to 0.1M in 300mls instead
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9 Experiment A Volumetric Analysis A titrimetric analysis requires the careful addition of titrant. • To prepare and standardize a sodium hydroxide solution • To determine the molar concentration of a strong acid Objectives The following techniques are used in the Experimental Procedure Techniques 2 4 16b 16a 90 80 5 16c 6 13c 15a 15b ! A chemical analysis that is performed primarily with the aid of volumetric glassware (e.g.‚ pipets‚
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evaluate the result. Part A: Standardization of 2M NaOH(aq) Data Collection : Weight of substances Uncertainty Weight of watch glass + salt (potassium hydrogen phthalate) w1= 23.4380g ± 0.001g Weight of watch glass ( after emptying the salt)w2 = 21.5430g ± 0.001g Weight of salt (potassium hydrogen phthalate) w1 –w2= (23.4380± 0.001g) – (21.5430g ± .001g) = 1.8950± 0.002g Titration Table - Volume of distilled water Burette Reading NaOH/ml Volume of NaOH solution for neutralization
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