perhaps even depressed (Tennen & Affleck‚ 1993). Having high self-esteem apparently provides benefits to those who possess it: They feel good about themselves‚ they are able to cope effectively with challenges and negative feedback‚ and they live in a social world in which they believe that people value and respect them. Although there are negative consequences associated with having extremely high self-esteem (Baumeister‚ 1998)‚ most people with high self-esteem appear to lead happy and productive lives
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described attitude “the most distinctive and indispensable concept in contemporary psychology”. The words attitude and persuasion are often found together‚ as in the phrase persuasion and attitude change. Persuasion is an attempt to change people ’s attitudes. For example‚ advertisers try to persuade potential customers to buy a product. To do this‚ they try to create a positive attitude toward the product. Social psychologists have emphasized that an attitude is preparation for behavior. Otherwise
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Bibliography: Passer‚ M. W. & R. E. Smith (2004). Psychology - The Science of Mind and Behaviour (2nd Edition): McGraw Hill. Hogg‚ M.A.‚ and Vaughan‚ G.A. Social Psychology (2nd Ed.) London: Prentice Hall Europe. Sherif‚ M. (1936). The Psychology of Social Norms. New York: Harper. Asch‚ S. E. (1951). Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgement. In H. Guetzkow (ed.) Groups
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the fitness of the possessor (Cartwright‚ 2008). Characteristics essential to adaptive behaviour are those such as maintaining survival and reproductive success. The essay question has been addressed by analysing research within different areas in psychology such as evolution‚ genetics‚ development‚ psychological disorders and behaviourism‚ and assessing whether the evidence found relates guilt to adaptive behaviour. Evolutionary theorists‚ such as Trivers (1985)‚ have suggested that in order to
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Journal of Applied Philosophy‚ Vol. 18‚ No. 3‚ 2001 ‘Those Milgram Experiments’ Ethics‚ Deception‚ and 245 Ethics‚ Deception‚ and ‘Those Milgram Experiments’ C. D. HERRERA Critics who allege that deception in psychology experiments is unjustified frequently cite Stanley Milgram’s ‘obedience experiments’ as evidence. These critics say that arguments for justification tend to downplay the risks involved and overstate the benefits from such research. Milgram‚ they add‚ committed both sins
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References: Bordens‚ K. S. & Horowitz‚ I. A. (2001). Social psychology. Erlbaum: London. Chapter 6 Fennis‚ B.M. & Stroebe‚ W. (2010). The Psychology of Advertising. Psychology Press. Chapter 5 Klein‚ C. & Webster‚ D. (2000). Individual differences in argument scrutiny as motivated by need for cognitive closure. Basic and Applied Social Psychology‚ 22(2)‚ 119-129http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/S15324834BASP2202_5
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The social identity approach in social psychology Introduction In this contribution we review a family of social psychological theories‚ most notably Social Identity Theory (SIT) and Self-Categorization Theory (SCT)‚ which together constitute what we refer to as the Social Identity Approach. These theories are linked by their concern with the processes which surround the way that people define themselves as members of a social group – which‚ here‚ is the meaning of the term ‘social identity’. At
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INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS Ashford University Instructor: Michelle Andes PSY301: Social Psychology November 25th‚ 2013 Persuasion is something that we deal with every day; maybe without even realizing it.. We are persuaded daily to choose this over that or that over this. Persuasion is a method of influence that attempts to change a person’s beliefs‚ feelings‚ or behaviors. In other words persuasion attempts to change attitudes by attacking one or more of the tri-components of
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differ. According to Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner‚ 1979; as cited in Hogg & Vaughan‚ 2008) intergroup prejudice occurs due to low self-esteem. This motivates group members to derogate those who do not belong to the group and these actions lead to increased self-esteem and positive view about oneself and the group. In addition The Autistic Hostility Hypothesis proposed by Newcomb
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could be considered altruism that is selfishness in reverse. An altruistic person‚ he or she is helpful and concerned even when no benefits are expected in return (Myers‚ 2010). Altruism‚ Personal and Professional Social Responsibility‚ and Codependency Personal and professional social responsibility is acting in a way that benefits society‚ unlike altruism‚ which is a selfless and true concern for others. Codependent actions usually occur because the giver has a need within the reciprocal relationship
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