BIOLOGY 1406 REVIEW FOR EXAM II Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell I. The microscope A. Differences between light microscope‚ scanning and transmission electron microscope B. Relationship between magnification‚ resolution and contrast II. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells III. Know parts of the cells‚ their structure and function A. The nucleus B. Ribosomes C. Endomembrane system 1. Nuclear envelope 2. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) a. Rough ER-has
Premium Cell Cell membrane Signal transduction
part of the model. Describe each of the two main categories: integral proteins peripheral proteins 8. Use Figure 7.9 to briefly describe major functions of membrane proteins. Function Description Transport Enzymatic activity Signal transduction Cell-cell recognition Intercellular joining Attachment to cytoskeleton and ECM 9. Membrane carbohydrates are important in cell-cell recognition. What are two examples of this? Distinguish between glycolipids and glycoproteins
Premium Cell membrane Membrane biology Signal transduction
receptors first discovered over twenty years ago. They exist as two noncovalently bound a- and b- subunits that function as adhesion molecules and play key roles in many biological processes including actin cytoskeleton organization and transduction of intracellular signals regulating cellular functions. Integrins bind a variety of extracellular matrices including collagens and laminins. The phenotypes observed from the generation of integrin knockout mice have provided a wealth of information on the unique
Premium Signal transduction
receiving the message‚ the three stages of cell signaling are A) the paracrine‚ local‚ and synaptic stages. B) signal reception‚ signal transduction‚ and cellular response C) signal reception‚ nucleus disintegration‚ and new cell generation. D) the alpha‚ beta‚ and gamma stages. E) signal reception‚ cellular response‚ and cell division. 4. When a cell releases a signal molecule into the environment and a number of cells in the immediate vicinity respond‚ this type of signaling is
Premium Mitosis Adenosine triphosphate Cellular respiration
Medicine College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York‚ NY 10032 Cytokines and STAT Signaling 1. Introduction First discovered as the major signal transducer in interferon-mediated gene activation‚ STATs (signal transducers and activators of transcription) are now known to play a significant role in signal transduction for most cytokines. STATs represent a family of conserved proteins‚ seven of which have been identified in mammals (i.e.‚ Statl‚ 2‚ 3 ‚ 4 ‚ Say5b‚ and 6; Darnell
Premium Signal transduction
We also see the effects of stress and depression on the ventral striatum‚ including the nucleus accumbens‚ the later playing a central role in the mechanisms of natural reward. Deep brain stimulation treatment of the nucleus accumbens seemed to be successful. Pittenger and Duman (2008) do note that study of plasticity in this pathway under conditions of stress and depression‚ while sparse‚ represents an important component of any comprehensive view of the relationship between stress‚ depression and
Premium Protein Signal transduction Immune system
(a) Define the term equilibrium potential and use the Nernst equation (see Appendix) to show how the equilibrium potentials for both sodium and potassium are calculated. Equilibrium potential is the potential of the membrane when there is no net flow of ions from one gradient to the other gradient. The ions are equal and are opposite of each other but not moving from one side to the other. Sodium: Ena=2.303((8.31 J m-1 K-1)(310K))/((1(= 9.65 x 104 c m-1))(log(150/15))= 61.54 mV Ek=2.303((8
Premium Action potential Neuron Signal transduction
protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and/or transmembrane guanylyl cyclase (GCY) that serve as the first interface between the external environment and the nervous system (Fielenbach and Antebi‚ 2008). Upon receiving environmental signals‚ two downstream neurosensory transduction systems are initiated‚ one uses cGMP (converted from GTP by GCY in response to G-protein signaling or extracellular ligands) as a second messenger to activate cGMP-gated ion channels; the other one uses TRPV channels. Moreover
Premium Protein DNA Signal transduction
related to genetic changes e.g. IBD‚ Huntington‚ etc) Signals induce transitions from state 1 to state 2. Even for staying alive cells need constant signaling. Characteristics of a signal/change: - Perturbation from steady state - Reproducible - Managed - Controlled Stimulus Steroid hormones are lipophilic and can therefore diffuse across plasma membranes; they form signaling complexes with proteins A signal binds a surface receptor ( induction of conformational change
Premium Signal transduction Protein
LESSON PLANS HAND AND ARM SIGNALS CMC.26 COMBAT MARKSMANSHIP COACHES’ COURSE REVISED 02/07/2006 APPROVED BY _____________________________ DATE _______________ UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS WEAPONS TRAINING BATTALION MARINE CORPS MARKSMANSHIP CENTER OF EXCELLENCE MARINE CORPS COMBAT DEVELOPMENT COMMAND QUANTICO‚ VIRGINIA 22134-5040 INSTRUCTOR PREPARATION CHECKLIST ESSENTIAL DATA LESSON DESIGNATOR CMC.26 LESSON TITLE Hand and Arm Signals DATE PREPARED 07 February
Premium United States Marine Corps English-language films