accepted The Plum Pudding Model proposed by J. J Thomson. In this theory of the atom it was thought to have negative charged electrons surrounded by positively charged matter. Both the positive matter and negative electrons were in equal amounts leading to a neutral atom. It was named the Plum Pudding Model because it was visualised as a pudding‚ where the raisin symbolised the electrons and the pudding represented positive matter. Ernest
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first brought about in 1959 by physicist‚ Richard Feynman‚ however the term nanotechnology was not used. Feynman suggested that in the future it would be possible to precisely manipulate atoms and molecules. It was not until 1981‚ when the scanning tunnelling microscope (which allowed scientists to see individual atoms) was created‚ that nanotechnology began to be developed (Rouse‚ 2005; United States Nanotechnology Inititaive‚ 2014; Nanotechnology‚ 2009). Nanotechnology is described as evolutionary and
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by beside in the same direction allowing the viewer to use both eyes when viewing distant objects. Ultrasound scanning device To scan and see the fetus a pregnant mother . Shaped like microphone is pressed against the area being scanned .It also send out very high frequency sound waves into the area being scanned. Technological Devices To Overcome Limitations Of Sight Microscope Instrument to magnify objects such as virus and cell .To see object that are too small to the naked eyes Magnify
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DNA Packaging: Nucleosomes and Chromatin By: Anthony T. Annunziato‚ Ph.D. (Biology Department‚ Boston College) © 2008 Nature Education Citation: Annunziato‚ A. (2008) DNA packaging: Nucleosomes and chromatin. Nature Education 1(1) Each of us has enough DNA to reach from here to the sun and back‚ more than 300 times. How is all of that DNA packaged so tightly into chromosomes and squeezed into a tiny nucleus? The haploid human genome contains approximately 3 billion base pairs of DNA packaged
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chloroplasts of plant cells where CO2 + H2O + Sunlight C6H12O6 + O2. The chloroplasts use light‚ an electromagnetic energy source‚ to produce food for the plant in the form of sugar molecules. During photosynthesis‚ the excited electrons from the light pass through proteins in the electron transport chain (ETC)‚ where ATP and NADPH are produced. The CO2 absorbed by the plant are then fixed into carbohydrates by these two organic molecules (Hoober 1984; Halliwell 1984). It is currently known that plants do
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FORENSIC SCIENCE Notes Chapter 1: Introduction Sir Bernard Spilsbury is the 1st forensic science celebrity. A legal system does the following process‚ 1. Collect evidence from experts‚ witnesses and police 2. Prosecution and defense lawyers present cases and arguments 3. Judge and Jury (abolished in some countries including Singapore) decides outcome *Innocent until proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt. Limits of Forensic Science Actus Reus: A guilty action Mens Rea: A guilty mind or intention
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of the atom Determining the # of protons‚ neutrons‚ and electrons in atoms‚ ions‚ and isotopes Covalent vs Ionic bonding Reactants vs products Enzymes and activation energy Water’s polarity- cohesion‚ adhesion Heterogeneous vs homogeneous mixtures pH and buffers organic chemistry- proteins‚ carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ nucleic acids (monomers vs polymers‚ examples‚ functions) Unit 3- Cellular Structure and Function (ch. 7) The Cell Theory Microscope diversity Why are cells small? Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic
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move out of the nucleus to help with protein synthesis. The ROUGH EDOPLASMIC RETICULUM looks rather “pebbeled” through a microscope because of the ribosome’s that are present on the surface. The ribosomes have under gone protein synthesis and so they collect here to be transported to the Golgi apparatus. The SMOOTH EDNOPLASMIC RETICULUM appears “smooth” through a microscope (hence the name)‚ these carry out different functions depending on the type of cells for example they allow lipid and steroid
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similar structural characteristics * Outline the historical development of the cell theory‚ in particular‚ the contributions of Robert Hooke and Robert Brown Date | Name | Event | 1590 | Janssens | World first two lens‚ compound microscope | 1655 | Robert Hooke | First person to use the word ‘cells’Observes these ‘cells’ in cork | 1600’s | Anton van Leeuwanhoek | Improvements in microscopesObserves muscle fibres and bacteria | 1831 | Robert Brown | Recognised the nucleus
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Cristina Alzandua General Biology 1401 Dr. Erin Schuenzel February 13‚ 2014 Bacterial and Eukaryotic Cell Structures All organisms are composed of cells which are characteristically microscope in size. Cell size is limited by the efficiency of diffusion across the plasma membrane. A typical eukaryotic cell is 10 to 100 micrometers in diameter opposed to prokaryotic cells are 1 to 10 micrometers in diameter. Bacterial and Eukaryotic cells display different cell organization in their size and
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