Independence Independence from whom and what? It is vitally important in a democracy that individual judges and the judiciary as a whole are impartial and independent of all external pressures and of each other so that those who appear before them and the wider public can have confidence that their cases will be decided fairly and in accordance with the law. When carrying out their judicial function they must be free of any improper influence. Such influence could come from any number of sources
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Modernization from 2G to 3G for Telecom Operator by Preliminary outline Introduction: Battling sluggish subscriber growth‚ declining ARPU (Average Revenue Per User) and stagnant revenues‚ operators have been increasingly looking to 3G for continued momentum to catalyze future growth across the entire telecom sector. Purpose: The main purpose of the report are :- - Bottleneck in existing technology : Learn how to maximize the ARPU that is currently dropping tremendously in 2G revenue -
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THE JUDICIARY Government has created legal machinery that operates within the concept of "justice under law”. This legal instrumentality is a system of courts‚ or the judiciary‚ which applies the law for the settlement of disputes. Justice under the Law: Those who are authorized to enforce the law must treat people fairly and equally by showing respect for the rule of the law. Only by applying the law equally to all – rich or poor‚ high or low – can it be said that those in power gain legitimacy
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THE ROLE OF CONSUMER PROTECTION AGENCY AND THE JUDICIARY ON CONSUMER PROTECTION A consumer can be defined as someone who acquires goods or services for direct use or ownership rather than for resale or use in production and manufacturing. Consumer protection consists of laws and organizations designed to ensure the rights of consumers as well as fair trade competition and the free flow of truthful information in the marketplace. The laws are designed to prevent businesses that engage in fraud
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Judges and the Judiciary Identify and explain the 5 key roles of Judges Explain the Rule of Law Assess the extent to which judges are independent and neutral. The role of Judges: They do not just interpret and apply the law. They do wider activities that branch into other parts of government. Preside over court proceedings: ensure a fair trial act like a referee/umpire makes sure the rules of the court are followed by both sides act as a source of knowledge - giving advice to juries
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Judiciary Essay Questions With reference to the source; what is the rule of law? (5) As mentioned in the first paragraph of the source Rule of Law is a set of principles asserting that all citizens should be treated equally under the law; including government itself. It also means that every citizen is entitled to due process of law and a fair trial. Overall Government should be conducted according to the recognised legal code and the constitution. This can also be called procedural justice. With
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CHAPTER 12 The Judiciary Chapter Focus The purpose of this chapter is to describe the policy-making role of the federal judiciary‚ in particular that of the Supreme Court. To appreciate the significance of this role‚ students need basic knowledge about the history of the Supreme Court‚ the structure and procedures of the federal courts‚ the nature of controversy over the courts‚ and the restraints on judicial policy making. After reading and reviewing the material in this chapter‚ you should
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The call by some senior members of the African National Congress for the transformation of the Judiciary doesn’t compromise judicial independence Introduction In the trias politica‚ every arm of government has equal power compared to other arms of the government. However‚ to make sure that all the arms of government in the trias politica have equal powers they must be accountable to each other. That means they must implement the oversight to one another so that no arm of government ends up with
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The court system in Malaysia‚ was last restructured by the Constitution (Amendment) Act 1994. The present court structure‚ which has been in force since then‚ is as follows: The Federal Court stands at the apex of the Malaysian court system. It is headed by the Chief Justice. Below the Federal Court is the Court of Appeal. This court is headed by the President of the Court of Appeal. Below the Court of Appeal are two High Courts with co-ordinate jurisdiction. One is the High Court of Malaya which
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Radios and microwaves both use radiation from the electromagnetic spectrum Visible light can be split into a spectrum of colours .. from red through the rainbow colours to violet but visible light is just a small part of the whole electromagnetic spectrum All the different types of electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed through a vacum .. the waves can be orderd by wave length remebered that waves with the shortest wave lengths have the highest frequency and the most energy and the waves
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