Input Data is factual information and it needs to be accurately captured in order to be processed. There are many methods to input data and each situation warrants a different method. There can be several different ways to input the information and it can be done in an automatic fashion‚ as with a computer‚ or it can be done manually‚ as with a human writing the information down. For instance‚ printed questionnaires would best use a special scanning device called an optical data reader that uses
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Cache Memory 6 FP203 Computer Organisation 5.1.3 Various types of semiconductor memory technologies The principal technology used for the main memory is based on semiconductor integrated circuit such: RAM – Random Access Memory ROM – Read-only Memory PROM – Programmable ROM EPROM – Erasable PROM EEPROM – Electrically Erasable PROM Flash Memory – can be electrically rewritten tens of thousands of times (used extensively in digital video cameras and for control program in set-top cable
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containing firmware range from end-user products such as remote controls or calculators. Computer chips that have data or programs recorded on them are firmware. These chips commonly include the i)ROMs (read-only memory) ii) PROMs (programmable read-only memory) iii)EPROMs (erasable programmable read-only memory) Firmware in PROM or EPROM is designed to be updated if necessary through a software update. Firmware is not categorized either as hardware or software‚ but a mix of both. The reason firmware
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typical scenario: You turn the computer on. The computer loads data from read-only memory (ROM) and performs a power-on self-test (POST) to make sure all the major components are functioning properly. As part of this test‚ the memory controller checks all of the memory addresses with a quick read/write operation to ensure that there are no errors in the memory chips. Read/write means that data is written to a bit and then read from that bit. The computer loads the basic input/output system (BIOS)
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computer? Memory is very important for any computer‚ without memory a computer wouldn’t be the multitasking machine that it is today. For that matter a computer couldn’t do much without. There are two types of memory RAM (random access memory) and ROM (Read-only memory). With memory a computer is able to hold applications‚ operating systems and saved files such as documents. Understanding the difference between the two types of memory is key. RAM is a volatile memory meaning the data can be lost when power
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Inside the System Unit • System unit: The main case of a computer • A system unit‚ also known as base unit‚ is the main body of a desktop computer. – Houses the processing hardware for a computer – Also contains memory‚ the power supply‚ cooling fans‚ and interfaces to connect peripheral devices – Houses the drive bays in which storage devices (hard drives‚ DVD drives‚ etc.) are located – With a desktop PC‚ usually looks like a rectangular box Power
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COMPUTER BASICS Seema Sirpal Delhi University Computer Centre What is a Computer? An electronic device that stores‚ retrieves‚ and processes data‚ and can be programmed with instructions. A computer is composed of hardware and software‚ and can exist in a variety of sizes and configurations. Hardware & Software The term hardware refers to the physical components of your computer such as the system unit‚ mouse‚ keyboard‚ monitor etc. The software is the instructions that makes the
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NOTE: THIS WAS PRODUCED IN THE UK PLEASE CORRECT SPELLING IF BEING USED IN USA THESE SHOULD ONLY BE USED AS NOTES TO BE PUT INTO YOUR OWN WORDS FOR THE SAFETY OF YOUR GRADE P1 Motherboard The motherboard connects all devices and allows them to communicate with one another using various different interfaces as if it’s the brain of the computer. The motherboard has a chipset which means that only certain hardware that can be connected to it. For example an Intel chipset would require Intel
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on a CMOS chip‚ the set up is also sometimes referred to as CMOS set up. BIOS are the programming that a computer uses during power on to get booted. It is also often the interface between the software and the hardware. BIOS used to be stored in read-only memory (ROM)‚ and as such‚ was unchangeable; but more recently‚ BIOS is stored on an motherboard. BIOS is the interface
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years back. Would you accept that life? Today we enjoy such a comfortable life‚ don’t we owe this to computers. Look at the way the computers have a role to play in our life. Today when we get up in the morning and want to read the newspaper‚ internet permits us to read the latest news of any newspaper in the world. Before going to office we can check the mails and also reply them instantly. There is no need for physical mail‚ paperwork and delays. In the office computers help us to connect
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