Solid-liquid extraction and liquid-liquid extraction of caffeine from tea leaves Andrew Jensen Lab partners: Jamie Pawluk‚ Joe Luong 230105559 Chem 250 L2 Oct‚4‚2012 Introduction: Extraction is the experimental procedure of obtaining a desired compound with the use of a solvent from either a liquid or solid mixture. Solid-liquid extraction involves the removal of organic compounds from solid material. This method of extraction may be achieved through extraction of the organic compound
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Abstract: Stevia rebaudiana is an herb with a very high medicinal value. It has more than 100 phytochemicals. It is used as sugar substitute. The extracts from leaves are used for the microbial assay and study the antimicrobial activity. The microbes used for the testing the activities are E.coli‚ Staphylococcus aureus‚ Bacillus subtilis‚ Salmonella typhi‚ Aspergillusniger‚ Candida parapsilosis‚ Trichophyton rubrum. With different concentrations of the extracts starting from 2.5µg/ml‚ 5.0µg/ml‚ 7
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(a) (b) (c) (d) 5) Which of the following is vinyl halide? (a) CH2CL2 (b) CH2= CH-Cl (c) CH = C-Cl (d) 6) What is B in R-OH + PX5 R-X +B+ HX? (a) HPOX3 (b) H3PO3 (c) POX3 (d) H3PO2 7) Which catalyst is used in preparation of bromobenzene by bromination of benzene? (a)FeBr3 (b) HBr (c) AlBr3 (d) Br2 8) By which name the reaction CH3 - Br + Ag- F CH3F + AgBr is known? (a) Grignard (b) Wurtz (c) Fitting (d) Swartz 9) What are nucleophilic reagents
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infectious wounds‚ which turned gangrenous. When a wound was gangrenous‚ as it often was‚ or a soldier’s limb needed to be saved‚ physicians turned to amputation‚ which was a quick and efficient treatment in the Civil War. Contrary to popular belief‚ chloroform was equipped as a form of anesthesia‚ and surgeons were known to complete operations in ten minutes‚ allotting them more time to treat other patients. (Paul‚ para. 7). All of these early forms of battlefield medicine have helped to shape the medical
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Dec. 1‚ 2011 Casey Anthony Trial What Went Wrong? Since the day that Casey Anthony was acquitted of all felony charges people everywhere have been asking themselves‚ “What went wrong?’’. How could it be that this women‚ whom everyone was sure had murdered her child‚ walked away with only 4 misdemeanors? All of which were of making a false statement to law enforcement. Our justice system says that the innocent until proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt
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Documents Number of Determinations and Permissible Variations Referee Analyses Optional Analyses Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods Precision and Bias General Interferences and Limitations Apparatus and Materials Reagents Sample Preparation General Procedures Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
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13 Test for Saponin glycosides 2g of dried plant powder add 5ml of distill water shake vigorously. Persistent of foam indicate the presence of saponin glycosides. 3.14 Test for Steroids (Salkowski’s test) 5ml of test solution add with 2ml of Chloroform and then Conc. H2SO4 sides of the test tubes. The appearance of color at the interface indicates the presence of steroids. 3.15 Experimental Procedure for preliminary Phytochemical studies (Brindha et al.‚ 1981) S. No Name of the Test Experimental
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TEST | REAGENTS | PROCEDURE | RATIONALE/PRINCIPLE | POSITIVE REACTION | PHENYLHYDRAZINE | phenylhydrazine | | The aldehyde groups of simple carbohydrates will react with phenylhydrazine but instead of yielding typical phenylhydrazones they make what is termed osazones where the OH group immediately adjacent to the keto group is oxidized to a keto group and it too adds phenylhydrazine to form the yellow to pale orange osazones that have definite melting points. So assignment of presumptive identity
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perfect pH for organisms to not just survive but also thrive off. There was an average of 0.5 Chloroforms per 100ml found within the two samples which are also a very safe number showing that the water isn’t polluted to an unsafe extent but rather a clean‚ viable amount. This amount of faecal chloroform shows that it has very little risk of causing any health problems to humans‚ a higher number of faecal chloroform would then mean that the water would have to be filtered or treated to kill off and visual
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------------------------------------------------- [edit]Matrix UV MALDI Matrix List | Compound | Other Names | Solvent | Wavelength (nm) | Applications | 2‚5-dihydroxy benzoic acid[1] | DHB‚Gentisic acid | acetonitrile‚water‚methanol‚acetone‚chloroform | 337‚ 355‚ 266 | peptides‚nucleotides‚oligonucleotides‚oligosaccharides | 3‚5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic
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