Mrs. Elena Gallagher By: Anna Villanella March 25‚ 2014 Oil is a nonpolar molecule. Polar molecules have charged groups or atoms. Nonpolar molecules have no charged groups or atoms. Polar molecules‚ like water‚ are good solvents for other polar molecules. This means they molecules that react with the water disperse into the water. Nonpolar molecules don’t disperse in water because nonpolar molecules and polar molecules don’t interact. How exactly can we discover the effect of emulsifiers‚ and what
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chromatography. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed by using a mobile phase and a stationary phase. The mobile phase was a nonpolar solvent composed of ethanol and ethyl acetate. The solid stationary phase was coated with silica gel‚ which is very polar. The amino acids were spotted onto two TLC plates; the plates were then placed in a chamber which contained the mobile phase. The plates were sprayed with 0.1% Ninhydrin and placed in an oven. The distance of the traveled spots and the solvent front
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Qatar University Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department MECH 223 Solid Mechanics L51 Spring 2013 Term Project Group no. (6) Course Instructor: Dr. Mohammed Al-Qaradawi T.A: Eng. Salim Mohandes Group members: Amal Bsaisu 201002072 Nada Mamdouh 201105374 Nazha Ghadban 201104186 Ola Al-Masri 201103017 Samar Nasr 201000137 Due Date: 3-6-2013 Abstract: In this project we were asked
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The objective of this experiment is to demonstrate and explore how chemical reactivity is affected by variations in these properties. ~Atomic radius‚ ionization energy‚ electron affinity‚ effective nuclear charge and electronegativity are a just a few such parameters. Part A of this lab deals with the solubility of dissolved ions. The two primary factors involved when an ionic solid is dissolved (dissolution) in water are dissociation and solvation. --Dissociation‚ the separation of the
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Waals forces include dispersion forces or London forces‚ dipole-dipole forces‚ and dipole-induced dipole forces. A particularly strong type of dipole-dipole interaction is hydrogen bonding. Dispersion Forces or London Forces Observed between non-polar molecules. Atoms and nonpolar molecules are electrically symmetrical and have no dipole moment because their electronic charge cloud is symmetrically distributed. But‚ at a particular instant of time‚ a dipole may develop momentarily. Therefore‚ electronic
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cause temperature to rise then‚ why should it rise now? Figure 1 [pic] (Monckton9) Temperatures have been fluctuating in the last 100 years and have increased in the last 30. AGW alarmists see this causing the glaciers to melt‚ the polar bears to die‚ and see levels to rise. All of this is based on computer models‚ which keep many of the variables constant and only show an increase in CO2. Variation in sun temperature is not used in the models
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factor is one distribution ratio divided by another; it is a measure of the ability of the system to separate two solutes. Decontamination factor This is used to express the ability of a process to remove a contaminant from a product. Slopes of graph The easy way to work out the extraction mechanism is
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Crystallization and Melting Points Organic Chemistry 221 9/19/2012 Intro/Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to use crystallization to separate a compound from a solvent and be able to choose the best solvent to do so. Then identify an unknown and verify purity using melting points. Solubility contributes to crystallization; because a solute has lower solubility at lower temperatures‚ which makes the solvent separate from the solution as a solid. This process is important to understand because
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Date: 9-10-13 Title: HPLC analysis of Caffeine Lab Partners: Objectives: 1) The main objective of this lab is to gain experience in using and reading results from the HPLC machine. 2) The first step is to inject a series of caffeine standards into the machine in order to get results/values of peak height and area. 3) The next step is to investigate the effects of a series of HPLC parameters on Retention time‚ peak height and peak area. 4) To use above data from peak height and area
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chemical basis for GC is that different bpt of analytes causes them to reach the detector at different times due to different interactions between mobile and stationary phases. This is due to intermolecular forces (IMF)‚ molecular weight‚ and the polar/non-polar nature of molecules. Bpt is the amount of energy required to overcome the IMF and turn a liquid into a gas. Stronger IMF means higher bpt. The three IMF are dispersion forces‚ dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen
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