INTRODUCTION Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of embryos occur without fertilization. In animals‚ parthenogenesis means development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg cell and is a component process of apomixis. The word parthenogenesis comes from the Greek‚ parthenos‚ meaning "virgin" and genesis‚ meaning "birth".[1] The term is sometimes used inaccurately to describe reproduction modes in hermaphroditic species that can reproduce by themselves
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Surname Centre Number Candidate Signature Other Names Candidate Number Leave blank General Certificate of Education June 2004 Advanced Level Examination BIOLOGY/HUMAN BIOLOGY (SPECIFICATION A) Unit 5 Inheritance‚ Evolution and Ecosystems Tuesday 22 June 2004 Morning Session No additional materials are required. You may use a calculator. BYA5 For Examiner’s Use Number 1 2 Mark Number Mark Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes Instructions • Use blue or black ink or ball-point pen. • Fill in the boxes
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4.1.1 State that eukaryote chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins.(1) State means to give a specific name‚ value or other brief answer without explanation or calculation. The chromosome is composed of two main molecules. a) DNA b) Proteins called histones. This image was taken shortly after DNA a replication but before the prophase. It is composed of two daughter chromatids joined at the centromere. The chromosome is super coiled by a factor around x16‚000. The DNA molecule is about 1
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Biology homework 10.2 1. How are the cells at the end of meiosis different from the cells at the beginning of meiosis? Use the terms chromosome number‚ haploid‚ and diploid in your answer. A: Cells in the begining of meiosis has diploid cells‚ with a full amount of chromosomes. In the end of meisos‚ the four genetically different daughter cells are haploid (gametes)‚ they have half the number of chromosomes. Because of this‚ they are able to fuse with other gametes (ex. egg and sperm) to form
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Make-up test study guide Test 1: 1. 3 categories of natural sciences a. biology: microbiology b. physical: chemistry c. applied: medicine 2. relevant steps to scientific method a. observation b. hypothesis c. experimentation d. conclusion e. extra: theory 3. Science: objective‚ testable‚ fact; non-science: subjective‚ untestable‚ opinions 4. Life is is a characteristic that distinguishes objects that have signaling and self-sustaining processes from those that do not‚ a. Characteristics:
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Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis Observe: 1. Organisms have a number of chromosomes in each of their body or somatic cells that is unique for that organism. This is called their diploid or 2n number. 2. Cells go through a cell cycle‚ whereby‚ much of the cycle does not include division‚ but at the end of this interphase in their cycle‚ they go through mitosis. 3. Cells replicate their DNA in the S phase of the cell cycle. 4. In the process of mitosis‚ cells replicate their DNA in the nucleus‚ form
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Meiosis was discovered and described for the first time in sea urchin eggs in 1876 by the German biologist Oscar Hertwig. It was described again in 1883‚ at the level of chromosomes‚ by the Belgian zoologist Edouard Van Beneden‚ in Ascaris worms’ eggs. The significance of meiosis for reproduction and inheritance‚ however‚ was described only in 1890 by German biologist August Weismann‚ who noted that two cell divisions were necessary to transform one diploid cell into four haploid cells if the number
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LESSON #9 22a) There would be 3 chromosomes present in each of the cells that make up the stomach of mosquito. 22b) Interphase | b | Prophase | C | Metaphase | D | Anaphase | A | Telophase | E | 22c) There would be 3 chromosomes present in the sperm cells of a mosquito. 22d) Interphase | C | Prophase 1 | A | Metaphase 1 | I | Anaphase 1 | E | Telophase 1 | F | Prophase ii | H | Metaphase ii | B | Anaphase ii | G | Telophase ii
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Meiosis 1. What does it mean when two sets of chromosomes are homologous? It means that each of the four chromosomes that come from the male parent has a corresponding chromosomes from the female parent. 2. Highlight the letter of each way to describe a diploid cell. a. 2N b. Contains two sets of homologous chromosomes c. Contains a single set of homologous chromosomes d. A gamete 3. Highlight the letter of the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell where 2n=8 . a. 8 b. 4 c. 2 d. 0
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SECTION I (40 Marks) Attempt all questions from this Section Question 1 (a) Name the following: (i) The respiratory pigment found in erythrocytes. (ii) The organ that produces urea. (iii) The part of the chloroplast where the light reaction of photosynthesis takes place. (iv) The Vehicular Standard for controlling air pollution. (v) The part of the ovary that produces progesterone. [5] (b) State whether the following statements are true or false. If false‚ rewrite the correct form of the
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