Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis
Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis
Observe:
1. Organisms have a number of chromosomes in each of their body or somatic cells that is unique for that organism. This is called their diploid or 2n number.
2. Cells go through a cell cycle, whereby, much of the cycle does not include division, but at the end of this interphase in their cycle, they go through mitosis.
3. Cells replicate their DNA in the S phase of the cell cycle.
4. In the process of mitosis, cells replicate their DNA in the nucleus, form sister chromatids held together by centromeres, then are divided into 2 daughter cells, each having a diploid number of chromosomes.
5. Sexually reproducing organisms have a way of reducing the number of chromosomes in the nucleus to half the body cells or 1 n chromosomes.This process is called meiosis and results in gametes, sperm and egg, that, when united, form an organism with the diploid number of chromosomes.
6. In meiosis, first similar or homologous chromosomes are separated. This is the first separation in meiosis I, and results in 2 haploid or 1n cells. Then, the sister chromatids are separated on meiosis II, resulting in 4 haploid cells, also containing a haploid number of chromosomes.
Problem Statement:
1. Can we use models to better understand the four phases of mitosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?
2. Can we use models to better understand the four phases of meiosis I, prophase 1, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I?
3. Can we use the model to better understand the four phases of meiosis II?
4. Can we use models to compare the processes of mitosis and meiosis?
Hypothesis: Using models the experimenter can better understand all phases of mitosis and meiosis. Using these models will allow easier comparison between mitosis and meiosis and provide an in depth understanding.
Experiment
Purpose:
To use manipulatives to compare the 4 phases within each process, and to understand the difference between one process and the
Observe:
1. Organisms have a number of chromosomes in each of their body or somatic cells that is unique for that organism. This is called their diploid or 2n number.
2. Cells go through a cell cycle, whereby, much of the cycle does not include division, but at the end of this interphase in their cycle, they go through mitosis.
3. Cells replicate their DNA in the S phase of the cell cycle.
4. In the process of mitosis, cells replicate their DNA in the nucleus, form sister chromatids held together by centromeres, then are divided into 2 daughter cells, each having a diploid number of chromosomes.
5. Sexually reproducing organisms have a way of reducing the number of chromosomes in the nucleus to half the body cells or 1 n chromosomes.This process is called meiosis and results in gametes, sperm and egg, that, when united, form an organism with the diploid number of chromosomes.
6. In meiosis, first similar or homologous chromosomes are separated. This is the first separation in meiosis I, and results in 2 haploid or 1n cells. Then, the sister chromatids are separated on meiosis II, resulting in 4 haploid cells, also containing a haploid number of chromosomes.
Problem Statement:
1. Can we use models to better understand the four phases of mitosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?
2. Can we use models to better understand the four phases of meiosis I, prophase 1, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I?
3. Can we use the model to better understand the four phases of meiosis II?
4. Can we use models to compare the processes of mitosis and meiosis?
Hypothesis: Using models the experimenter can better understand all phases of mitosis and meiosis. Using these models will allow easier comparison between mitosis and meiosis and provide an in depth understanding.
Experiment
Purpose:
To use manipulatives to compare the 4 phases within each process, and to understand the difference between one process and the