quantity. The process of making goods available to the consumer needs effective channel of distribution. Therefore‚ the path taken by the goods in its movement is termed as channel of distribution. The goods may be sent to the consumer directly or indirectly through middlemen. The channel of distribution may be classified as: Selling through direct channels This is the oldest‚ shorter and the simple channel of distribution. The producer sells the product directly without involvement of any middle
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Channels of Distribution Lesson 20 Channels of Distribution Are you aware that the study material of Business Studies‚ which is now in your hands‚ is prepared at the headquarters of the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) situated at New Delhi. How did it come to your hands? Was it available at your study centre or you bought it from the market? If you got it from your study centre‚ then just think for a while: how did it reach your study centre? Actually‚ after publishing the
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Summary: The case discusses about the operation of the world’s largest convenience store chain Seven-Eleven in Japan‚ and the way it became Japan’s top leading super market chain. Seven–Eleven started its operation in Japan in November 1973 under an area licensing agreement between Ito-Yokado Co.‚ Ltd.‚ and The Southland Corporation. With more than 15‚500 stores worldwide‚ Seven-Eleven Japan Co.‚ Ltd (SEJ) franchises 6‚900 stores in Japan and most of the remaining stores located in North America
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Post Module Assignment Supply chain management By Lv zheng 1 Post Module Assignment menu Supply chain management ......................................................................................................... 1 Q1. There are many potential barriers to effective supply chain management and a number of strategies which we can employ to overcome them. ......................................... 3 Introduction ..............................................................
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Supply Chain Management 1 What is supply chain management? A Supply Chain is a collection of organizations involved in the supply of products or services. Supply chain management is the management of the interconnection of organizations that relate to each other through upstream and downstream linkages between the processes that produce value to the ultimate consumer in the form of products and services. It is a holistic approach to managing across company boundaries. 2 Supply chain planning and
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Supply chain Supply chain is the process under which products are created and deliver to customers. it refers to complex network of relationship that organization maintains with its trading partners to source manufacture and deliver products. E-SCM refers in particulars in management of supply chain using internet technologies-SCM facilitate the removal of purchase orders‚ deliver confirmation bills of material and invoice. The switch over/switch away from paper can also speed up the response and
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will introduce the ideas and details of Apple Inc’s supply chain in its current state. We will examine Apple’s strategy of being consumer based and evaluate the current state of business and some of the partnerships it has formed to remain one of the dominating forces in this industry. This report will cover a brief overview of the company‚ its current assortment of products it offers‚ future opportunities and threats that Apple may face‚ its current assortment of products it offers‚ recent marketing
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(I) INTRODUCTION A channel of distribution or trade channel is defined as the path or route along which goods move from producers or manufacturers to ultimate consumers or industrial users. In other words‚ it is a distribution network through which producer puts his products in the market and passes it to the actual users. This channel consists of :- producers‚ consumers or users and the various middlemen like wholesalers‚ selling agents and retailers(dealers) who intervene between the producers
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1.1 Introduction Supply chain management‚ is the active management of supply chain activities to maximize customer value and achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. It represents a conscious effort by the supply chain firms to develop and run supply chains in the most effective & efficient ways possible. Supply chain activities cover everything from product development‚ sourcing‚ production‚ and logistics‚ as well as the information systems needed to coordinate these activities. Figure 1
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(Quyen) 4.9.1 Reason – Supply chain management decisions are based on forecasts that define which product will be required‚ in what amount‚ and when they will be needed. The demand forecast becomes the basis for companies to plan their internal operations and to cooperate among each other to meet market demand. All forecasts deal with four major variables that combine to determine what the market conditions are likely to be: * Demand * Supply * Product characteristics
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