Ariane 5 Rocket Disaster On the 4th of June 1996‚ around 40 seconds after initiation of the flight sequence‚ the maiden flight of the Ariane 5 Launcher ended in failure. An independent Inquiry Board was nominated to determine the cause of the launcher failure‚ and found that the inertial reference system (IRS) was the cause of this incident; a system error propagating through the control‚ commanding large corrections in altitude leading to the destruction of the vehicle. During the development of
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The Therac 25 Disaster October 2012 1 Introduction The Therac-25 was a machine for cancer treatment manufactured by the Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) and went down to history as one of the world’s worst software disasters. The machine was released to the market in 1983 and was later involved in at least 6 accidents that lead to enormous radiation overdoses for the patients. One of the major innovations of the Therac-25 was the move to complete computer control‚ which allowed operators
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Characteristics of the industry 3 1.2. Arianespace Company and Ariane 5 3 1.1. Arianespace Strategy 5 2. Launcher building process: a fix position layout 6 2.1. The Babel tower of suppliers 6 2.2. The supply chain structure during the different steps of the process 8 3. Innovation 9 3.1. Process and product innovation 9 3.2. An open innovation opportunity 9 3.3. The dilemma of inovation 9 3.4. Ariane 6? 11 References 12 1. Introduction 2.1. Characteristics
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An Investigation of the Therac-25 Accidents -- Part III Nancy Leveson‚ University of Washington Clark S. Turner‚ University of California‚ Irvine Reprinted with permission‚ IEEE Computer‚ Vol. 26‚ No. 7‚ July 1993‚ pp. 18-41. Recall that the Tyler error occurred when the operator made an entry indicating the mode/energy‚ went to the command line‚ then moved the cursor up to change the mode/energy‚ and returned to the command line all within 8 seconds. Since the magnet setting takes about 8 seconds
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The Therac 25 A case study in safety failure • Radiation therapy machine • “The most serious computer-related accidents to date” • People were killed • Reference: Nancy Leveson and Clark Turner‚ “The Investigation of the Therac-25 Accidents”‚ Computer‚ 26‚ 7 (July 1993) pp 18-41. Therac 25 Background • Medical linear accelerator developed by Atomic Energy of Canada‚ Ltd. in mid-1970s • Delivers 25 MeV photons or electrons of various energies • Controlled by PDP-11 minicomputer • Software
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It was April 1st 1985 and while people were playing pranks on April fool’s day‚ it was a big day for the Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) as they launched their new cancer therapy machine‚ Therac-25.The machine according to the chief engineer offered two modes of radiation therapy to cure cancer. This machine according to some was the innovation of the century and a gift to mankind. As the team of engineers was celebrating the day of the launch of their “successful invention”‚ the medical team
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Sources of common law I. Sources of the Common Law A. Court Decisions The principal source of positive law in the common law system is customary law. The common law system has some analogies to French medieval law: trial by jury‚ the binding nature of precedent. B. Statutes and treaties Statutes and treaties are the other source of law in the anglo-saxon world. However to be enforced even statutes and treaties must be ultimately interpreted by judges. Statutes are however controlling; that
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Kingston university | | |Discuss the most frequent sources of failure in forming strategic alliances. What can be done to mitigate these problems? | |International Business Strategy | |BSM103 | |
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of when rockets were first invented is still unclear‚ it is believed that the Chinese invented the first “rocket” (“The History of Rocket Science”). Moreover‚ the Chinese used gunpowder‚ invented in around 100 A.D‚ and positioned it in Bamboo sticks for religious festival tradition (“The History of Rocket Science”). Large bamboo sticks were created and decorated by Monks and villagers‚ then blasted skyward to inform the Rain God Phaya Thaen that it is time to send rain down to earth (“Rocket Festival”)
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Weaknesses and Strengths of Common Sense and Science as Sources of Knowledge There are many sources of knowledge as the society progresses. In this case‚ the most controversial question would be whether or not common sense can be accounted as a reliable source of knowledge? Although both common sense and science can be taken into account as sources of knowledge‚ I will argue that to some extent common sense and scientific knowledge are still very different from one another. That is‚ scientific
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