charge. b) A neutron has ……zero……….. charge. c) An electron has ………negative…….. charge. d) A proton and an electron have ……opposite……….. and ………equal…….. charge. 2. Complete the following sentences using words from the list below. electron(s) ion(s) neutron(s) nucleus (nuclei) proton(s) a) Every atom contains a ……nucleus……….. which is positively charged. e) The nucleus of an atom is composed of ………protons…….. and ………neutrons……... f) The ……electrons………
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Nervous System The nervous system is the part of an animal’s body that coordinates the voluntary and involuntary actions of the animal and transmits signals between different parts of its body. In most types of animals it consists of two main parts‚ the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord. The PNS consists mainly of nerves‚ which are long fibers that connect the CNS to every other part of the body. The PNS includes motor
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Oxygen has the atomic number 8‚ so it has 8 protons. Almost all oxygen has 8 neutrons‚ for an atomic mass number of 16. If you remove 2 of each you have an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12 (6 protons‚ 6 neutrons). If you look at the element Carbon C‚ it has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12. Q8 The atomic mass is 99 and the element is technetium (Tc). Atomic mass is found by adding the neutrons and protons. Q12 The protons contribute much more than electrons to the atomic
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The scientific definition of an atom has changed a lot throughout history. Currently‚ the atom is known as the basic unit of a chemical‚ but there was a time when that was not known among scientists. There were multiple scientists that contributed to the creation of the first Atomic Theory: Democritus‚ Antoine Lavoisier‚ Joseph Proust‚ and John Dalton. Dalton took the information that he had taken from the three scientists prior to him and put everything into one theory. The Atomic Theory is the
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explosion is caused by the release of energy in an atom‚ either through fission or fusion. Fission weapons cause an explosion by the splitting of atomic nuclei. This happens when a neutron collides with the nucleus of an atom. The protons in the nucleus are transformed into a great amount of energy and two or three more neutrons are sent out‚ which go on to split other nuclei. If this continues‚ a chain reaction will occur. The result is a gigantic explosion. To form a chain reaction‚ a certain amount
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the USA. Uranium 238 is bombarded with neutrons produced by the nuclear fission of U-235. Initially an isotope of uranium (U-239) forms which decays by beta emission to produce neptunium-239. Neptunium-239 decays by beta emission to produce Pu-239. 23892U + 10n 23992U 23993Np + 0 -1e 23993Np 23994Pu + 0-1e Pu-239 is changed to americium by neutron bombardment. Americium-241 is used
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and nuclear physics; neutron characteristics; reactor theory and nuclear parameters; and the theory of reactor operation. This information will provide personnel with a foundation for understanding the scientific principles that are associated with various DOE nuclear facility operations and maintenance. Training Material‚ Atomic Physics‚ The Chart of the Nuclides‚ Radioactivity‚ Radioactive Decay‚ Neutron Interaction‚ Fission‚ Reactor Theory‚ Neutron Characteristics‚ Neutron Life Cycle‚ Reactor
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deflections of the alpha particles could only occur with a large‚ concentrated mass at the center of the atom. This supported the idea that there was a nucleus‚ a dense center of protons and neutron. b) Nuclear Models (Rutherford) The nuclear model supports a dense nucleus containing protons and neutrons‚ with extremely distant electrons circling the center. The model does not specify whether these electrons are in an organized or disorganized orbit‚ or whether they are randomly scattered very
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RADIOACTIVE in its most common form. Notes The nucleus The nucleus is at the center of the atom and contains the protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are collectively known as nucleons. Virtually all the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus‚ because the electrons weigh so little. Working out the numbers of protons and neutrons No of protons = ATOMIC NUMBER of the atom The atomic number is also given the more descriptive name of proton
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element where the nuclei of the element has more neutrons than protons and normally each element only has one stable isotope of the element. Changing the neutrons in the atom also changes the atomic mass but not chemical properties. Radioisotopes are radioactive versions of an isotope where the atom or element has an unstable nuclei therefore emitting radiation. An unstable nuclei is created when there is either more protons than neutrons or more neutrons than protons in a nuclei. Iodine¹ᶟ¹ is a radioisotope
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