questions from part A and choose any 3 (three) questions from part B. Any form of cheating or attempt to cheat is a serious offence which may lead to dismissal. Electronics Part A (Answer all questions) ECE 1312 Q.1 [10 marks] 1. A PN junction is forward biased when: a. the applied potential causes the N-type material to be more positive than the P-type material b. the applied potential causes the N-type material to be more negative than the P-type material c. both materials are at the
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small percentage of an amplifier operational range. With small signal the BJT can be replaced with small signal linear model. This model is also called small signal equivalent circuit. For small ac signals the junction capacitances should be considered in the analysis of the BJT. These junction capacitances can be ignored for DC signals but for actual AC signals they need to be considered & modeled. The figure bellow shows a practical CE transistor amplifier .It consist of different circuit components
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ECE 204 AND 254– UEL 1 Laboratory Manual Draft copy for adoption: LABORATORY MANUAL OF ECE 204 AND 254 UNIFIED ELECTRONICS LAB 1 Prepared at Lovely Professional University With Participation & Valuable contributions from Er.Gurpreet Saini Er. Kawanpreet Kaur Er. Asha Rana Reviewed by. Rajeev Kr Patial Sr lect.‚ off. HOL‚ ECE (B. Id. 12301) OFF HOD ECE (Dean Labs ) DEPARTMENT OF ECE‚ LPU‚ PHAGWARA (PUNJAB)‚ INDIA. 1 ECE 204 AND 254– UEL 1 Laboratory Manual ECE204 and ECE254: UNIFIED ELECTRONICS
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Aero2 Signals & Systems (Part 2) Notes on BJT and transistor circuits Bipolar Junction Transistors • Physical Structure & Symbols • NPN n-type Emitter region p-type Base region n-type Collector region C Collector (C) B E (b) Emitter (E) Emitter-base junction (EBJ) Base (B) (a) Collector-base junction (CBJ) • PNP - similar‚ but: • N- and P-type regions interchanged • Arrow on symbol reversed • Operating Modes Operating mode Cut-off Active Saturation Reverse-active EBJ Reverse
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. P-N JUNCTION DIODE CHARACTERISTICS 1 2. ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS 6 3. TRANSISTOR COMMON -BASE CONFIGURATION 11 4. TRANSISTOR CE CHARACTERSTICS 16 6. FULL-WAVE RECTIFIER 26 7. FET CHARACTERISTICS 31 8. h-PARAMETERS OF CE CONFIGURATION 36 9. TRANSISTOR CE AMPLIFIER 43 10. COMMON COLLECTOR AMPLIFIER 48 11. RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER 53 12. COMMON SOURCE FET AMPLIFIER 58 13. WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR 63 14. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR 66 15. CURRENT-SERIES
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Normally‚ p–n junctions are manufactured from a single crystal with different dopant concentrations diffused across it. In the case of solar cells‚ polycrystalline silicon is often used to reduce expense‚ despite the lower efficiency caused by the grain boundaries. These boundaries are not related to the p–n junctions in the cell. If they would be the same spacially‚ the disturbing effects would make the solar cell useless. [edit] Properties of a p–n junction The p–n junction possesses some
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How an SCR works?-Principle of Operation SCR Working Principle The SCR is a four-layer‚ three-junction and a three-terminal device and is shown in fig.a. The end P-region is the anode‚ the end N-region is the cathode and the inner P-region is the gate. The anode to cathode is connected in series with the load circuit. Essentially the device is a switch. Ideally it remains off (voltage blocking state)‚ or appears to have an infinite impedance until both the anode and gate terminals have suitable
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charge________________. 2. Reverse biasing of a p-n junction is to connect a positive voltage to the ______n_______-side of the junction. Under reverse bias‚ the energy band separation (electrastatic potential barrier) across the junction is _____larger_____ than at equilibrium. The electric field is _____increased_____ and the transition region width is______increased______ with increasing magnitude of reserve bias. 3. In a forward-biased n+p-junction‚ the forward current is due to injection of ___electrons_____
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Today’s world is overrun by computers from the small to the big. These include the desktop that is in many homes to the cell phones in your pocket. Even things like your car‚ dishwasher‚ dvd player‚ and even TVs include some form of computers. All this would not be possible without the invention of the integrated circuit or IC. This led to the creation of the Microprocessor or CPU (central processing unit) which acts as the brain of the computer. To better help illustrate the function and need for
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Experiment A:1) Fundamental of basic electrical instrument Objectives: Operate basic electrical laboratory tools (oscilloscope‚ function generator‚ DC power supply). Determine transistor type (NPN‚ PnP)‚ terminals‚ and material using digital multimeter. Graph the collector characteristics of a transistor using experimental methods and determine. Determine the value of the alpha and beta ratios of a transistor. Construct series and shunt voltages regulator configurations. Calculate
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