angle of the O─C─O bond in the citric acid molecule below? O O OH OH HO 1A) 120° 2B) 109.5° 3C) slightly smaller than 120° 4D) slightly smaller than 109.5° 5E) slightly larger than 120° Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc. O HO Slide 10-3 Q3: What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in ethylene (H2C=CH2)? 1A) sp 2B) sp2 3C) sp3 4D) sp4 5E) not hybridized Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc. Slide 10-4 Q4: Which of the following molecules is the most polar? Br Te Cl Br F Cl Te
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guidelines for drawing correct Lewis Structures of covalent molecules (and also polyatomic ions). 1. Determine the Number of valence electrons in the Lewis Structure: One of the easiest ways to start drawing a Lewis Structure is to make a list of each atom in the structure and next to each atom record how many valence electrons it has and how many it needs to fill its valence shell. In covalent bonding the valence electrons in the molecule come from the valence electrons in the atoms that formed
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resulting in a water molecule having a positive charge on the side where the hydrogen atoms are and a negative charge on the other side‚ where the oxygen atom is. This uneven distribution of charge is called polarity. Since opposite electrical charges attract‚ water molecules tend to attract each other‚ making water kind of "sticky." As the right-side diagram shows‚ the side with the hydrogen atoms (positive charge) attracts the oxygen side (negative charge) of a different water molecule. (If the water
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net transport of molecules from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration by random molecular motion. The result of diffusion is a gradual mixing of material. In a phase with uniform temperature‚ absent external net forces acting on the particles‚ the diffusion process will eventually result in complete mixing or a state of equilibrium. Basically‚ it is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to a lower area." 2/ In diffusion‚ molecules move : a from high
Free Diffusion Molecular diffusion Molecule
Name Period Date Molecular Geometry – Ch. 9 For each of the following molecules‚ draw the Lewis Diagram and tally up the electron pairs. Then‚ identify the correct the molecular shape and bond angle. molecule lewis diagram e- tally shape bond angle 1. SeO3 2. AsH3 3. NO2 - 4. BeF2 molecule lewis diagram e- tally shape bond angle 5. SiH4 6. SeH2 7. PF5 8. SCl6 Name:
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CHM113 summer 2014 Name: __________________________ EXAM 4 SHOW YOUR WORK 1) Of the molecules below‚ the bond in __________ is the least polar. A) HBr B) HI C) HCl D) HF E) H2 2) Ethanol (C2H5OH) melts at -114°C. The enthalpy of fusion is 5.02 kJ/mol. The heat capacity of solid and liquid ethanol are 0.97 J/g-K and 2.3 J/g-K‚ respectively. How much heat (kJ) is needed to convert 25.0 g of solid ethanol at -135°C to liquid ethanol at -50°C? A) 207.3 B) -12.7 C) 6.91 D) 4192 E)
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which the process of determining whether a strand of DNA is either positively or negatively charged. The container in which the gel is stored has a negative and positive side; whichever side the DNA molecules go to means the DNA is charged the opposite way. (Ware‚ Lunte‚ Gardiner)For example if a DNA molecule goes to the negative side that means that the DNA is positively charged and vice versa. The agarose gel is composed of a fine powder substance‚ water and a buffer solution. The solution must be boiled
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over view and for a reference as you work through these problems http://www.wiley.com/college/chem/spencer053872/tutorial/gramsmoles/gramsmoles1.html We can use this to do mathematical conversions to determine mass‚ volume‚ and number of atoms or molecules in a given substance. For example let’s check out this video to convert moles methane (CH4) to grams of methane. http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/Video/Unit4/GMV2.shtml Once you have finished the video let’s practice by completing these problems
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thermal and random movement of molecules. Diffusion is a process of equalization which involves movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. There are several factors/influence may affect the rate of diffusion of substances. These factors include concentration of gradient‚ size of molecule involved‚ distance the molecules has to travel‚ temperature‚ solubility of the molecule and surface area of the membrane over which the molecule can work. The larger the particle
Free Diffusion Molecular diffusion Potassium permanganate
The purpose of this experiment was to determine the percent by mass in a hydrated salt‚ as well as to learn to handle laboratory apparatus without touching it. The hydrated salt‚ calcium carbonate‚ was heated with high temperature to release water molecules. Gravimetric analysis was used in this experiment to determine the percent by mass of water in a hydrated salt. The hypothesis of this experiment was accepted on the basis that the percent by mass of volatile water in the hydrated salt would be fewer
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