Theory X and Theory Y Understanding Team Member Motivation What motivates employees to go to work each morning? Many people get great satisfaction from their work and take great pride in it; Others may view it as a burden‚ and simply work to survive. This question of motivation has been studied by management theorists and social psychologists for decades‚ in attempts to identify successful approaches to management. Social psychologist Douglas McGregor of MIT expounded two contrasting theories
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Theory X and Theory Y Douglas McGregor (1906 - 1964) is one of the forefathers of management theory and one of the top business thinkers of all time. He was a social psychologist who became the President of Antioch College. He later became a professor of management at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (he was succeeded by Warren Bennis). His book The Human Side of Enterprise (1960) had a profound influence on the management field‚ largely due to his Theory X and Theory Y. McGregor developed
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Theory X and Theory Y After World War II there were several studies performed that ultimately revealed how assumptions about workers’ attitudes and behaviors affect managers’ behavior. In the 1960s one of the most influential approaches was created and developed by Douglas McGregor at the MIT Sloan School Of Management. He proposed two sets of assumptions about how work attitudes and behaviors not only dominate the way mangers think but also affect how they behave in organizations. He named these
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between two types of scientific theories‚ theory X and theory Y. He relates these two theories on two managers (Dave and Val) who are in the same organization (Telecommunication company)‚ however in different departments. He continues to talk about how they use their management skills on their employees based on theory X and theory Y. Douglas McGregor‚ an American Social Psychologist‚ proposed X-Y theory in his 1960 book “The human side of enterprise”. Theories X and Y are still referred in the field
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1.0 THEORY X1.1 THEORY X ASSUMPTIONS | 2-3 | 2 | 2.0 THEORY Y2.1 THEORY Y ASSUMPTIONS | 4-5 | 3 | 3.0 BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS-OPENNESS-EXTRAVERSION-NEUROTICISM-CAREFULNESS-SOCIABILITY | 6-11 | 1.0 THEORY X What is theory X? The “Theory X” management theory holds that the average employee has little ambition‚ dislikes work and must be coerced‚ controlled and directed to achieve organizational objectives. Those in management who believe the behavioral assumption of “Theory X” take
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centuries and there have been a number of different theories into the best way it can be done. This essay will give some background knowledge into those theories but will primarily focus on McGregor’s development of his Theory X and Theory Y‚ incorporating how they evolved‚ what they are and how relevant they are to managers of the 21st century. The aim of this piece is to gain a better understanding of the theories of management developed by McGregor and how/if they are still being used today. Before
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Gregor’s Theory X and Y Before explaining Gregor’s theory X and Y‚let me introduce you to motivation. Motivation internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be continually interested and committed to a job‚ role or subject‚ or to make an effort to attain a goal. In other words motivation is the process by which a person’s effort are energized‚directed and sustained toward attaining a goal. In an organization‚ managers need to be ale able to motivate employees
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Theory X and Theory Y was an idea devised by Douglas McGregor in his 1960 book “The Human Side of Enterprise”. It encapsulated a fundamental distinction between management styles and has formed the basis for much subsequent writing on the subject (Economist. 2015) The theories look at how a manager’s perceptions of what motivate his or her team members affect the way he or she behaves. By understanding how your assumptions about employees’ motivation can influence your management style‚ you can adapt
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McGregor’s theory X and theory Y McGregor developed two theories of human behaviour at work: Theory and X and Theory Y. He did not imply that workers would be one type or the other. Rather‚ he saw the two theories as two extremes - with a whole spectrum of possible behaviours in between. Theory X workers could be described as follows: - Individuals who dislike work and avoid it where possible - Individuals who lack ambition‚ dislike responsibility and prefer to be led - Individuals who desire
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The foundation of McGregor’s theory has direct links to Taylor’s study of scientific management: a study of scientific management as a link between human beings and their jobs which in turn need to be re-constructed to maximise efficiency (Waddell et al. 2007‚ p. 43). Many researchers and scholars have developed theories based on the work of F.W. Taylor. McGregor‚ Maslow and others who assisted to improve the view of human relation tried to prove that there is another side to the traditional perspective
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