Synthesis of Butyl Benzoate Using Phase Transfer Catalysis The objective of the experiment is to synthesize the butly benzoate by nucleophilic substitution and characterize it by IR spectroscopy. The percent yield of the final product is determined after the synthesis. Procedures: 2.0 mL of 1-bromobutane‚ 3.0 g of sodium benzoate‚ 5.0 mL of water‚ 4 drops of Aliquat 336‚ and a boiling stone were placed in a 50mL round-bottomed flask. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour and the flask
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CHM 3411 – Problem Set 6 Due date: Wednesday‚ March 23rd. Do all of the following problems. Show your work. 1) Consider the cyclic molecule C8H8‚ the eight carbon analogue to benzene. a) Write the secular detrerminant corresponding to the pi-bonding in C8H8. b) Using the secular determinant‚ the following energies are found for the pi-bonding molecular orbitals: 1 = + 2 2 = + 1.41 (two states) 3 = (two states) 4 = - 1.41 (two states) 5 = - 2 Give the electron
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Introduction: During this laboratory exercise will identify by the graph given which is isotonic‚ hypotonic‚ or hypertonic. The kidneys are a pair of fist-sized organs located outside the peritoneal cavity on each side of the spine. The kidney is a highly specialized organ that maintains the internal environment of the body by selectively excreting or retaining various substances according to specific body needs. The process of urine formation and adjustment of blood composition involves three
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Questions and Hypothesis: Seed germination‚ plant growth‚ and sprouting of leaves are affected by several factors: supply of nutrients‚ water‚ exposure to sunlight‚ and conditions of surroundings. Due to certain stimuli in the surroundings plant “hormones” cause plants to behave in ways that ensure the most efficient use of resources while preserving the most energy. One stimulus to consider‚ is the exposure of plants to sunlight; when plants are just sprouting and are underground‚ the sti
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INTEGRATED CIRCUITS The History of the Integrated Circuit the Integrated Circuit Generations What is a Microchip? How do microchips work? How are microchips made? By definition the integrated circuit aka microchip is a set of interconnected electronic components such as transistors and resistors‚ that are etched or imprinted on a onto a tiny chip of a semiconducting material‚ such as silicon or germanium. The History of the Integrated Circuit Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce
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dependent on the properties of both the input signal and the processes acting on the signal. This is a laboratory Report will be focusing on using Fourier series to analyze waveforms and the synthesis of waveforms. The report highlights Fourier series analysis is a simple effective approach to analyse periodic signals. It will guide the reader through an experiment conducted in a lab to examine the effects of using Fourier analysis on signals and their waveforms. It should help the reader get a better
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Title : Measuremnt of pH With Indicators Aim : 1.To investigate concentration of hydrogen ions in hydrochloric acic and colour changes of indicators 2.To determine standard solutions and the unknowns Variables Independent variable : Concentration of hydrogen ions in hydrochloric acid.The presence of hydrogen ions is varied by using 5 different concentration of hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L‚0.01mol/L‚0.001mol/L‚0.0001mol/L‚0.0000mol/L Dependent variable : Colour changes of indicators
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Tori Suchy Physical Science Honors 1st block October 4‚ 2012 Balloon Powered Car Problem: In order to create a race car that can travel a minimum of eight meters powered by a nine inch balloon. We need incorporate Newton ’s Law of Motion including speed‚ velocity‚ and acceleration. Hypothesis: If a car were to be made out of homemade materials‚ then it would be possible for it to travel 8 meters powered by a nine inch balloon. Independent Variable: building the car from homemade materials
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Meal Worm Cellular Respiration Experiment Introduction Cellular respiration provides energy to all living organisms by collecting energy from food molecules. The cell then rearranges complex molecules to simpler molecules and uses that energy to make a molecule that stores energy called adenosine triphosphate also known as ATP. Cellular respiration can occur with or without oxygen. When it occurs without oxygen‚ it is called anaerobic respiration. There are very few organisms that can get
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Pixar Facts 1.) In order to give Dash a realistic out-of-breath voice in "The Incredibles‚" director Brad Bird made actor Spencer Fox run laps around the studio.4 2.) Every Friday during the production of “Brave‚” each Pixar employee was told to wear a kilt for the fun of it. 3.) Shortly after completing Toy Story‚ the Pixar chief creative staff of John Lasseter‚ Peter Docter‚ Joe Ranft and Andrew Stanton got together for a lunch meeting at the Hidden City Café in 1994 that would become one of
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