Hume believed that all morality was the product of habit or custom. He also claimed that it was our sentiments that was influencing human moral and actions. We use these sentiments‚ or feelings‚ to find a conjunction between the motive‚ not the reason‚ behind an action and actually performing the action itself. Hume believed that our sentiments had the power to result in specific actions. At a certain point‚ this means we are predetermined to act as we do. These sentiments control our actions to
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6 SOCIOLOGICAL INQUIRY Kant also distinguishes three kinds of free- dom: freedom of choice‚ or free will; freedom as self-regulation‚ or autonomy; and freedom as civil liberty. Freedom of choice is a natural property of all human beings‚ and refers to the fact that human conduct is not wholly determined by animal impulses. Autonomy is the capacity of a subject to legislate and abide by ethical impera- tives of his own making. Civil liberty
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beautiful and terrible‚ horrible and harmonious‚ appreciating the unexpected and dangerous forms found in nature that had been avoided in literature and art through the concepts of a more tamed and friendly environment. German philosopher Immanuel Kant reflects on the concept of boundaries between beauty and the sublime in his Critique of Judgment written in 1790. Distinguishing between the differences of beauty versus the sublime‚ beauty is connected with the form of the object‚ respecting the
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Critique of Nicolas Maxwell’s Aim-Oriented Empiricism In his paper‚ “Popper‚ Kuhn‚ Lakatos and Aim-Oriented Empiricism‚” Nicholas Maxwell proposes the latest version of his conception of natural science‚ which he calls aim-oriented empiricism (AOE). Maxwell states that AOE “is a kind of synthesis of the views of Popper‚ Kuhn‚ and Lakatos‚ but is also an improvement over the views of all three.”(181) It is Maxwell’s conception of aim-oriented empiricism (hereafter referred to as AOE) that this
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decisions. If we explain briefly Kant’s categorical imperative‚ there are basically three principles that represent it. These are universal law‚ ends as a means and the importance of intention in conducting of human behaviour. Firstly‚ according to Kant‚ one’s action should be universally valid. Universal validity means that people should think behaviours and they need to judge their own behaviours or actions are morally acceptable or not. When you think of your behaviour‚ if you decide that everyone
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Discussion Question 6 How did the "Doctrine of Empiricism" change the way artists created art? Give examples. The term "empiricism" has a dual etymology‚ stemming both from the Greek word for "experience".(http://www.philosophybasics.com/branch_empiricism.html) The “Doctrine of Empiricism” changed the way artists created art. They went from an open-minded outlook on the way to express art to a more structured view. It vanished the idea of metaphysical‚ tradition‚ and myth and replaced it
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There are two political theories that I combined and will implement if I were to be placed as the highest-ranking official of the country. These are the theories of Immanuel Kant and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. I chose to unite the two theories because both of them‚ as I was reading through its contents‚ had the biggest impact on me than all the other theories I researched for. The joined theories would build up my ideal state as a leader of the country so that I may be able to take the people to a better
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This quarter in the course of IGE 121- Rationalism‚ Revelation‚ and Enlightenment: The Ancient World there has been a bundle of material covering the themes of death‚ suffering‚ fate‚ destiny‚ and good and evil. Three out of the various readings that cover death and suffering would be the “Book of Matthew”‚ the Greek tragedy “Antigone” and the “Book of Job”. A reading of this quarter that reveals suffering are “Prometheus Bound” and the “Book of Matthew”. An additional text that discloses one of
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One of those historical perspectives to research is empiricism‚ founded by John Locke. “Empiricism holds that the only knowledge we have can come from our observations‚ and that humans have no innate ideas which are not from experience” (Lee and Lings‚ 2008‚ p. 28). Logical positivism can be regarded as an evolution of empiricism. Logical positivism states that ideas are only meaningful when they can be empirically tested. Also‚ knowledge
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In “What is Enlightenment? ” by Immanuel Kant‚ he addresses the state in society‚ and what we must do to help society progress from an “Age of Enlightenment” to an “Enlightened Age”. Society needs to come to a form of being enlightened or in other words the people in society need to become more informed and more knowledgeable. Kant argues firstly‚ that the individual must be enlightened and in order to achieve enlightenment “must be fully released from self-incurred tutelage”‚ which is “the release
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