"Probation- A term coined by John Augustus‚ from the Latin verb "probare"- to prove‚ to test." http://www.nyc.gov/html/prob/html/history.html Probation can be dated as far back as the middle ages of English Criminal Law. Probation started as harsh punishments on children and adults that may have not been such a serious crime if any at all. The English used such sentencing as flogging‚ branding‚ mutilation‚ and execution. The harshness of these punishments eventually slowed down because
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John Augustus is credited with being the father of probation. A Boston shoemaker‚ Augustus spent his spare time observing what took place in the courts. Disturbed that minor offenders and common drunks were often forced to remain in jail because they had no money to pay off their fines‚ he convinced authorities to let him pay their fines and offered them friendly supervision. When the defendants later came into court for sentencing‚ Augustus would report on his progress toward reformation. Augustus
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Probation can be dated as far back as the Middle Ages‚ during the times of King Henry VIII. Due to the fact that more than two-hundred crimes were punishable by death‚ a new form of punishment needed to be created. To be put to death for a minor offense‚ why should a person be killed because they stole something as simple as a candy bar? It was becoming outrageous and people were beginning to become concerned with the progression of the justice system. Society had the right to be worried about how
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the powerful ruler and of his achievements. Here‚ we will look at two vivid examples of such a pattern in the art of the ancient Rome: the statue of Augustus of Prima Porta and the colossal head of emperor Constantine. Even though
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Probation is crucial for any person on probation because there are stipulations and rules to abide by to keep probation from violating their probation. They have been given another chance to prove to the courts that they are worthy to be in society and not incarcerated. All of this information is shared and they all accept the terms and conditions voluntarily. Everyone has favorites and sometimes the law is not followed in order to truly help someone remain in society and sustain their freedom. Is
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Running head: PAROLE AND PROBATION Parole and Probation University of Phoenix Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice CJA 313 Apr 28‚ 2008 Parole and Probation “A term coined by John Augustus from the Latin term”probare”- to prove‚ to test; the origin for the Probation came from English Law in the Middle Ages.”(A Brief History of Probation) “In 1841He persuaded Boston Police Court to release an adult drunkard into his custody rather than send him to prison- the prevalent means
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Determining Conditions of Probation Conditions of probation and parole are primary factors that have an effect on an offender’s post-prison life. When determining conditions of probation and parole‚ the offenders’ background plays a very important part of the determination. The history of the offenses that the offender committed is extremely important of determining the condition of probation or parole. Probation and parole conditions consist of drug/alcohol treatment‚ psychiatric evaluation/treatment
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Parole and Probation Jessica A. Taylor University of Phoenix CJA 313 Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice August 8‚ 2010 Henry Provencher The criminal justice system in America is very complex. It has many parts that must work together in order for it to be effective. The criminal justice system relies on politicians to create laws‚ judges to interpret laws‚ and police officials to enforce the laws. However‚ our system would not be as effective‚ if not for the vigilant efforts of other
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Probation has become the most common sentence ruled in a court of law. With Prisons overflowing with criminals‚ alternative forms of punishment have become the top choice when dealing with violent adult offenders. The number of individuals on probation has become two times the amount of the prison population. Putting more of these people on probation was a way to neutralize the issue of overcrowding. Statistically‚ the numbers of those incarcerated have dropped due to probation but have crime rates
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Probation for Violent Offenders Throughout history crime has been penalized with jail time or imprisonment. Until recently during the early 20th Century we have come up with an alternative to jail time which emerged as probation. However‚ this alternative exempts people who have convicted violent or heinous crimes. Should people who have committed murder‚ forcible rape‚ robbery and aggravated assault be able to obtain probation as a substitute as well? This seems to still be the question that
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