Colleen Rinaldi Theories of Learning: Cognitive PSY331: Psychology of Learning Cоgnitivе dеvеlоpmеnt rеfеrѕ tо thе wаy аn infаnt pеrcеivеѕ‚ thinkѕ‚ аnd gаinѕ аn undеrѕtаnding оf hiѕ/hеr wоrld thrоugh thе intеrаctiоn оf gеnеtic аnd lеаrnеd fаctоrѕ likе prоcеѕѕing‚ rеаѕоning‚ lаnguаgе dеvеlоpmеnt‚ аnd mеmоry (Wagner‚ 2009). Thiѕ theory hаѕ bееn ѕtudiеd by mаny thеоriѕtѕ such as Еrickѕоn‚ Piаgеt and Vygоtѕky in vаriоuѕ wаyѕ thаt аll cоntributе tо оur undеrѕtаnding оf
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be focusing on the primary forms of psychotherapy‚ such as cognitive‚ humanistic and behavioural. I shall then identify the focus of each approach as well as the areas of agreement and difference. Cognitive-behavioural therapists hold that beliefs play the central role in our behaviours and feelings. These therapies share three core assumptions such as; (1) cognitions are identifiable as well as measureable. (2) cognitions are the key players in a healthy and unhealthy psychological functioning
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will compare and contrast the Person-Centred and Cognitive-Behavioural approaches to the understanding of and working with fear and sadness. It will do this by first summarising the basic theory of person centred Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy and how each theory interprets the causation of fear and sadness. This essay will then use a short paragraph to discuss the relationships and therapeutic alliance within Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy and person centred Therapy. This essay move on to
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1) Outline the main assumptions of the psychodynamic approach The psychodynamic approach to psychology is the study of human behaviour from the point of view of motivation and drives. The original beliefs of this approach were created by Sigmund Freud in the 1800s. Although it is now generally seen negatively in the common view‚ sometimes comically‚ it has provided the inspiration for a few of the current leading approaches to psychology. The first assumption of this approach is of the importance
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Some examples: Person Centred approach uses methods such as reflection ‚ summary and giving the client space hopefully opening up a window for them to start to open up .However this may not be suited for everyone especially those who keep everything to themselves because in the past maybe that was their survival technique ‚ so in this case it may be beneficial to start with a psychodynamic approach ‚ where a counsellor use gentle word association ‚ and discussing set topics which might then enable
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Freud. He developed the Psychodynamic or Psychoanalytical perspective to enable better understanding of human behaviour these concepts will be discussed further later in this study. After Freud opened the gateway other perspectives and approaches have been developed‚ now with five main areas of psychology - Cognitive‚ Behaviourist‚ Biopsychology and Humanist approaches. For a comparison with the Psychodynamic theory‚ Behaviourist Theory will be discussed. Psychodynamic theory is referred to in psychological
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Theories of cognitive development: Jean Piaget. Jean Piaget (1896-1980) was actually not a psychologist at first; he dedicated his time to mollusc research. In fact‚ by the time he was 21 he’d already published twenty scientific papers on them! He soon moved to Paris‚ and got a job interviewing mental patients. Before long‚ he was working for Alfred Binet‚ and refining Burt’s reasoning test. During his time working at Binet’s lab‚ he studied the way that children reasoned. After two years of working
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Some typical criticisms of person-centred counselling are; The delivery of the core conditions is what all good therapist do Control subjects who are not candidates for therapy. The therapist is active in responding to the client‚ rather than in initiating or leading. Person-centre counselling is was reasonably effective with less severe disorder but ineffective with mental disorders. Failing to control for place to effects. This therapy is simple‚ even simplistic‚ it has been referred to as
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Person- Centred Therapy The Person-Centred Approach developed from the work of the psychologist Dr. Carl Rogers. In 1940s to 1960s‚ Carl Rogers approach to therapy was considered revolutionary. His specialist knowledge didn’t come from a theory but rather from his clinical therapy. Consequently‚ theory came out of practice. Person-Centred Therapy was originally seen as non-directive. The reasoning for that was because Rogers didn’t believe that therapist was the expert. The crucial part of his
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1. Briefly explain how you could understand Steven’s case using nature versus nurture theory. Nature: is that which is inherited / genetic background. Nurture : Our environmental influences ( Physical and Social) which is acquired after conception‚ ie ‚ experiences In relation to Steven’s case the Nurture element of this theory. His parents having full dominating control over his life and the pressure of there expectations. Focusing on his childhood experiences of not being heard‚ no sense
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