found in each of the large biomolecules (carbohydrates‚ proteins‚ lipids‚ nucleic acids). The SPONCH elements are Sulfur‚ Phosphorus‚ Oxygen‚ Nitrogen‚ Carbon and Hydrogen. These are the five key elements that compose living things. The four most frequently occurring of the SPONCH elements are‚ carbon‚ hydrogen‚ nitrogen and oxygen. Carbon is found in each of the large biomolecules. 2. Outline the difference between an atom and an ion. An atom has the same amount of
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for the reaction conducted in this lab‚ including appropriate phase symbols. Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) --> H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) 2. Determine the partial pressure of the hydrogen gas collected in the gas collection tube. The partial pressure of the hydrogen gas is 1.07 atm 3. Calculate the moles of hydrogen gas collected. pv=mrt ; n= .0013mol of hydrogen gas 4. If magnesium was the limiting reactant in this lab‚ calculate the theoretical yield of the gaseous product. Show all steps of your calculation. 0.03184
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bronsted-lowry theory is an addition to the Arrhenius theory which defines acids and bases there are many reactions that occur in solvents or without any solvents at all rather than water. The reaction between hydrogen chloride and ammonia can be used to explain it. In aqueous solution‚ hydrogen which is an acid reacts with ammonia‚ a base to form a solution of the salt: ammonium chloride. According to Arrhenius the reaction occurs between the H+ ions formed due to the ionisation of the HCl when it
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1. Define each of the following terms: a period: a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table. b group: a vertical column of elements in the Periodic Table. Elements in a group have similar chemical properties. c noble gas: an inert or non-reactive element that is located in a group 0 (or 18) of the Periodic Table. d transition metal: metallic elements found in groups 3–12 that often have coloured compounds. e alkali metal: metallic elements that are extremely reactive. Alkali metals are
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Electrolysis a) Electrolysis is the decomposition of a substance to give simpler substances. The substance being electrolysed has to be an ionic compound. b) The substance being decomposed is called the electrolyte. c) In electrolysis the electric current enters and leaves the electrolyte by conducting rods called electrodes. The positive electrode is called the anode and the negative electrode is called the cathode. d) For electrolysis to occur the electrolyte must be in liquid form so that
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polarity of water molecules results in hydrogen bonding. A hydrogen bond forms when the oxygen of one water molecule is electrically attracted to the hydrogen of a close molecule. Hydrogen bonding between water molecules is the basis for water’s unusual properties. Organisms depend on the cohesion of water molecules. Hydrogen bonding makes water molecules stick to each other‚ and this cohesion helps pull water upward in the microscopic vessels of plants. Hydrogen bonding is also responsible for water’s
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Elements If God has any favorite elements‚ they must be Hydrogen‚ Carbon‚ Nitrogen and Oxygen. These four elements make up the majority of all Biological compounds. Without them‚ life on this planet as we know it could not exist. Due to the bonding possibilities between and among these elements‚ literally millions of organic compounds are possible. Carbon is the backbone of all organic compounds. It forms the main structure of the molecule with Hydrogen‚ Nitrogen‚ Oxygen and occasionally other elements
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early atmosphere - earth roughly 4 billion yrs old - created by volcanoes erupting + releasing gases - contained mostly co2 + water vapour - earth cooled + water vapour condensed to form oceans - co2 dissolved into oceans + used to form marine organism shells which were compacted to form sedimentary rock - plants evolved to photosynthesise‚ takingin co2 + releasing oxygen - scientists don’t kno where all nitrogen came from bc they weren’t there to record evidence but most theories suggest
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valence electrons by two atoms‚ in contrast to the transfer of electrons in ionic bonds. Such bonds lead to stable molecules if they share electrons in such a way as to create a noble gas configuration for each atom. Hydrogen gas forms the simplest covalent bond in the diatomic hydrogen molecule. The halogens such as chlorine also exist as diatomic gases by forming covalent bonds. The nitrogen and oxygen which makes up the bulk of the atmosphere also exhibits covalent bonding in forming diatomic molecules
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place two pieces of metal in water‚ and apply electricity‚ the water separates into it’s basic molecules‚ Hydrogen and Oxygen (H2O). If you look at the picture on the left‚ you will see H2O molecules connected together in their liquid form which is WATER But when you apply electricity (from your car battery)‚ the molecules separate and form a GAS (called HHO) which is a mixture of Hydrogen and Oxygen. This HHO GAS is then sucked into your engine and mixed along with the air from the air filter
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