Research Essay (Essay Plan) 1. Outline classical theories of motivation and illustrate their application in different business situation. Discuss their usefulness to the 21st century business manager. Part 1: Introduction * (Why) are theories of motivation still relevant to the 21st century business manager? In today’s market‚ organizations always put pressure on enhanced communication‚ globalization and improved technology to find variety of ways of winning business. (Dransfield‚ 1996:
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What is Motivation? Buchanan defines motivation as follows: "Motivation is a decision-making process‚ through which the individual chooses the desired outcomes and sets in motion the behaviour appropriate to them". How does motivation differ from "motives" Buchanan defines motives as: "learned influences on human behaviour that lead us to pursue particular goals because they are valued". Motivation can therefore be thought of as the degree to which an individual wants AND chooses to engage in certain
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Motivation of Staff using Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory: The job of a manager in the workplace is to get things done through employees. To do this the manager should be able to motivate employees. However‚ that’s easier said than done! Motivation practice and theory are difficult subjects‚ touching on several disciplines. There is an old saying that says you can lead a horse to water but you cannot force it to drink; it will drink only if it is thirsty- so with people. They will do
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unrealized desire and perceptions can be defined as the present and expected impression of workers’ place in the company.(Dixon‚1997‚p.72) In order to motivate my workers‚ I must know their needs and perceptions. I would choose Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory and Theory X&Y to understand their needs‚ then to motivate them to perform at his or her highest level. According to Maslow‚ a person’s needs are the main motivator that drives a human. He categorized the needs of a person into 5 levels
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Theory X and Theory Y represent two sets of assumptions about human nature and human behavior that are relevant to the practice of management. Theory X represents a negative view of human nature that assumes individuals generally dislike work‚ are irresponsible‚ and require close supervision to do their jobs. Theory Y denotes a positive view of human nature and assumes individuals are generally industrious‚ creative‚ and able to assume responsibility and exercise self-control in their jobs. One would
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McGregor’s Ltd. Department Store A report Executive Summary The McGregor Ltd. Department Store as founded in 1871 and since then it has acquired the image of being old fashioned and traditional. The President of the Store wants to change the image of the Store and to achieve higher efficiency and profitability by creating more business sense in the policies of the Store. Mr. McGregor has devised a new discount scheme for employees confirming with the current practices in other stores. Mr. President
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of Douglas McGregor Douglas McGregor (1906 – 1964) is one of the forefathers of contemporary management thinking. A social psychologist‚ he is most notably known for his Theory X and Theory Y from his 1960 book‚ The Human Side of Enterprise‚ which had a profound influence on the management field. A B.E. Mechanical from Rangoon Institute of Technology‚ he then earned an A.B. from Wayne State University‚ and went on to study Psychology at Harvard University. Armed with a Ph.D. from Harvard‚
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Theory X and Theory Y Douglas McGregor (1906 - 1964) is one of the forefathers of management theory and one of the top business thinkers of all time. He was a social psychologist who became the President of Antioch College. He later became a professor of management at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (he was succeeded by Warren Bennis). His book The Human Side of Enterprise (1960) had a profound influence on the management field‚ largely due to his Theory X and Theory Y. McGregor developed
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HOW TO EVALUATE A THEORY The purpose of a good theory is to provide a conceptual framework for viewing and understanding phenomena. From this perspective a theory is either useful or not useful. A theory helps guide and focus attention‚ identify and define important variables‚ and postulate the relationships among them. A good theory is not just another ’good idea‚’ but it is based on empirical data that makes it an adequate map of the territory for the current time. Furthermore‚ a good theory
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negatively affected by these poor employment practices which have been exacerbated by economic cycles and fragile political systems. In Zimbabwe‚ organisations in the Hotel sector particularly in Harare are facing similar problems. Such problems emanate from poor working conditions‚ increased labour court cases‚ low remuneration‚ high labour turnover‚ poor or non existent career structures‚ and lack of professionalism. The above state of affairs questions the significance given to the Human Resources role
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