dominant feature of this first period was silence‚ for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was unknown and transmission was not accompanied by signs or symptoms salient enough to be noticed. While rare‚ sporadic case reports of AIDS and sero-archaeological studies have documented human infections with HIV prior to 1970‚ available data suggest that the current pandemic started in the mid- to late 1970s. By 1980‚ HIV had spread to at least five continents (North America‚ South America‚ Europe‚ Africa
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HIV and AIDS are one of the most formidable challenges to human life and dignity‚ undermining social and economic development especially in sub-Saharan Africa. It has stripped families of their loved ones and hard earned income. To the economy‚ the damage is so extensive‚ there has been reduced productivity resulting in less gross domestic product. HIV and AIDS are very vicious challenge to human life as there is been no cure for the pandemic hence the number of deaths due HIV and AIDS related diseases
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Differentiate between HIV-positive status and AIDS. -HIV positive is a fragile virus transmitted only through contact with body fluids. HIV attacks CD4 cells and macrophages. CD4 cell = T helper cell attacks this. It is the bridge for the target of the antigen and killing it. HIV gets in the helper cell and sends out more viruses to kill more CD4 cells. HIV slowly debilitates body immune systems‚ both T cell and B cell immunity. There is a latent period where the virus particles increase in blood
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An Old Woman by Arun Kolatkar and the second from Nothing ’s Changed by Tatamkhulu Afrika‚ both seem to show a sense of abandoned protest and although the poems are from two very different cultures the theme of protest is clear in both. An Old Woman is about an old Indian woman who follows a man just for a fifty paise coin. Kolatkar depicts the old woman ’s protests with poverty and age. In Nothing ’s Changed Afrika writes of his protests with the whites and segregation as a black person in South
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that the‚ “[u]se of the security label does not merely reflect whether a problem is a security problem‚ it is also a political choice‚ that is‚ a decision for conceptualization in a special way.” Therefore‚ politicians can decide whether to represent HIV/AIDS as a health issue (as human security theorists prefer)‚ a development issue‚ or an international security issue (as national security policy makers prefer) and construct it accordingly. Securitization implies the construction of a danger that
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Canada is amongst the many countries that have HIV specific criminal law that persecute people for transmitting the disease. In Canada‚ it is illegal to engage in sexual activities without disclosing seropositive status unless there is a use of condoms and a low viral load is present. Criminal law as prevention for the transmission of HIV seems reasonable‚ but upon examining a bit further in the topic‚ it appears that it is ineffective and might actually do more harm than good to those whom
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HIV/AIDS has been named a global epidemic with its toll being felt significantly especially in Africa. It has been a major cause of death in the world; it also continues to be a public health concern. It poses a risk to future generations with villages being wiped out due to its impacts (Iliffe‚ p.47). The most affected generation being the most active age group leaving the elderly and aged to look after the young. Widows and orphans have been a major occurrence in many villages and they struggle
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HIV/AIDS The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease cause by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)‚ which is one type of chronic disease that mainly attacks the immune system of the body. The immune system includes all the organs and cells that work to fight off the infection or disease (Daniels‚ 1985). HIV attacks the convolute part of the immune system. HIV weakens the immune system by destroying the CD4 (T-cell) lymphocytes. CD4 is one type of blood cell that helps protect the
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www.aids.org/ HIV and AIDS Activities - information from the FDA Office of Special Health Issues. www.fda.gov/oashi/aids/hiv.html Specialized Information Services Home Page - US National Library ... - ... Library of Medicine (NLM) is responsible for information resources and services in toxicology‚ environmental health‚ chemistry‚ HIV/AIDS‚ and specialized ... www.sis.nlm.nih.gov CDC-NCHSTP-Divisions of HIV/AIDS Prevention (DHAP) Home Page - ... CDC - Divisions of HIV / AIDS Prevention
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than one million cases of people living with HIV in the United States with new cases of infection rates and deaths increasing to a high estimated level of 56‚300. Nursing research plays a major role in the nursing care of patients with HIV. Nursing research on the topic of HIV is very critical for a vast variety of reasons. With the development of new forms of medication and complex treatment regimen programs the life expectancy for patients with HIV is better and growing. Along with the research
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