Human development index The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative measure of life expectancy‚ literacy‚ education and standards of living for countries worldwide. It is a standard means of measuring well-being‚ especially child welfare. It is used to distinguish whether the country is a developed‚ a developing or an underdeveloped country‚ and also to measure the impact of economic policies on quality of life. The index was developed in 1990 by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq and Indian economist Amartya
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The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is designed to provide a broad measure of changes in retail prices experienced by Malaysian households as a group and should not be expected to exactly reflect the experience of any individual household. Laspeyres formula is used for calculating the index which is based on items that are locally consumed reflecting the spending habits of the average Malaysian. Thus the CPI is seen as a general indicator of the change in retail prices paid by households for goods and
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MARKET The third millennium has introduced to us life at a speed of change and this has fuelled an ever-spiralling need for food designed to meet the demands for freshness‚ convenience‚ variety and uncompromising taste. Malaysians are no exception on this score. In Malaysia‚ Gardenia‚ has successfully found the right recipe to establish itself as a leader in its class. Dominating the market with its variants of specialty breads‚ buns and rolls and while redefining a “new normal” for baked goods
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What is HDI? The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic used to rank countries by level of "human development"‚ taken as a synonym of the older terms "standard of living" and/or "quality of life"‚ and distinguishing "very high human development"‚ "high human development"‚ "medium human development"‚ and "low human development" countries. HDI was devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq‚ followed by Indian economist Amartya Sen in 1990. The HDI is a comparative measure
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Estimating the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) of currencies using the Big Mac Index™ Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Purchasing Power Parity and Theory of one Price 3. Over/Under Valuation of currencies against the Dollar 5. Comparative analysis of the most overvalued to the most undervalued 6. Observation and Alternative indexes 7. Limitations 8. Appendix INTRODUCTION Purchasing power parity (PPP) is an important and critical topic in international economics. It arises when the
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Body mass index or (BMI) is a key index that relates a person ’s body weight to their height. The body mass index is a person ’s weight in kilograms (kg) divided by their height in meters (m) squared. The National Institute of Health uses the body mass index to define normal weight‚ overweight and obesity. Overweight is considered is a person having a body mass index of 27.3% or more for women and 27.8 % or more for men. Obesity using the BMI index is defined as a BMI of 30 and above‚ which is
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The body mass index (BMI)‚ or Quetelet index‚ is a measure for human body shape based on an individual’s mass and height. Devised between 1830 and 1850 by the Belgian polymath Adolphe Quetelet during the course of developing "social physics"‚[2] it is defined as the individual’s body mass divided by the square of their height - with the value universally being given in units of kg/m2. † † The factor for UK/US units is more precisely 703.06957964‚ but that level of precision is not
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Consumer Price Index Consumer Price Index (CPI) in India comprises multiple series classified based on different economic groups. There are four series 1. CPI UNME (Urban Non-Manual Employee) 2. CPI AL (Agricultural Labourer) 3. CPI RL (Rural Labourer) 4. CPI IW (Industrial Worker) Central Statistical Organization is responsible for calculating and publishing the CPI UNME series‚ while Department of Labour is for others CPI indexes. All above CPI’s are calculated based on the base
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Inaccuracies of the Consumer Price Index(CPI) Aman Aggarwal Sept. 28‚ 1996 The Consumer Price Index is a measure of the prices of a fixed market basket of some 300 consumer goods and services purchased by a "typical" urban consumer. The 1982-1984 period serves as the base period so analysts can compare other year’s changes with this base period. The composition of the market basket is fixed in the base period and is assumed not to change from one period to another. The reason for the assumption
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What methods of Index Number calculation is used to calculate Cost of Living Index (CLI). An index number measures the relative change in the price‚ quantity‚ value or some other item of interest from one time period to another. It is found by calculating the ratio of the current value to the value at another time point or at a different geographical location. The different types of simple index that are used are - Price Relative‚ Quantity Relative‚ Value Relative. A price index is a weighted
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