1-chloro-2‚4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) substrate. Sonication of the cells in 100 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.2) with protease inhibitor cocktail (PIC). The GST reaction contained final concentrations of 97 mM potassium phosphate‚ 2.5 mM reduced glutathione‚ 1.0 mM CDNB‚ and 20 mg protein. Absorbance at 340 nm will be recorded at 60 s intervals for 10 min. GST enzyme activity will be validated by inhibition with 500 nM ethacrynic acid under reaction conditions as described above. Activity was recor-
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waste products. This state is called uremia. The person’s feet and hands may swell and will also feel tired as the body lack clean blood. Untreated uremia could lead to death. (What Happens If My Kidneys Fail Completely?). (KIDNEYS REQUIRE GLUTATHIONE FOR HEALTHY FUNCTION). Aspect 1 A kidney or renal transplantation may address a kidney failure or a kidney with an end staged kidney disease.(Kidney Transplantation." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation). A kidney transplantation is the surgical transplant
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INTRODUCTION: OCCURANCE OF CHROMIUM: Chromium is a heavy metal which is considered as an environmental pollutant (Nafish et al‚ .2012). It is 7th most occurring element on earth and its average concentration in the earth is about 100mg/kg. (Panda and Choudhory‚ .2005). Apart from its importance chromium causing serious hazards for those organisms and plants that are exposed to the chromium in polluted areas of high concentrations. Being highly toxic metal it mainly comes from leather tanning‚ textile
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What are Antioxidants? In the world of molecules‚ antioxidants are true superheroes. They are our bodies’ first line of defense against free radicals‚ which are unstable molecules that can wreak all kinds of havoc on cells‚ proteins and DNA. In order to understand why antioxidants are so important‚ we need to get acquainted with their enemies: Free Radicals Free radicals are formed within our bodies as by-products of normal aerobic respiration‚ metabolism‚ and inflammation. They also arise from
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and COX-2 activity. The assay can be used to assess the relative selectivity of plant-derived inhibitors on COX-1 and COX-2. Assay conditions were optimized for both enzymes with respect to concentration of cofactors (l-epinephrine‚ reduced glutathione‚ and hematin)‚ activation time (enzyme and cofactors)‚ reaction time‚ and pH. Moreover‚ the kinetic parameters‚ Km and Kcat.‚ of both enzymes were estimated. Five COX inhibitors were used to validate the assay‚ indomethacin‚ aspirin‚ naproxen
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build healthy collagen and promote strong immunity‚ and‚ when levels of vitamin C are low‚ the body compensates by recycling oxidized vitamin C. This is referred to as redox cycling‚ and it’s performed by the “mother of antioxidants”‚ glutathione. So long as glutathione is available‚ the vitamin C redox cycle makes do with whatever vitamin C is available from diet and supplements. And‚ thanks to Dr. John Ely‚ it can also be used as a weapon. In the 1970’s‚ Dr. John Ely proposed the (GAA) “Glucose Ascorbate
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(MS) Diet Methionine Demethylation Cycle Methyl tetrahydrofolate Homocysteine Cystathionine Vitamin B6 (C beta S) MS – Methionine synthase MTHFR – Methyl tetrahydro folate reductase C beta S – Cystathionine beta synthase Cysteine Sulphate Glutathione Increase homocysteine concentration Methionine Methyl transferase Homocysteine Cystathionine MTHFR 【Genetic deficiency】 synthase Vitamin B6 Cystathionin e Vitamin B6 Cysteine 【nutritional deficiencies‚ life style ‚ drugs ‚ some diseases 】
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This was achieved by evaluating the effect of CUR NP on the levels of oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation‚ nitric oxide and reduced glutathione)‚ caspase-3 and tumor necrosis factor-α and the activities of acetylcholinesterase and Na+‚ K+-ATPase in the cerebral cortex of CP-treated rats. The present study also extended to investigate the effect of CUR NP on the changes in the motor activity
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activity with the range of 34.4 to 42.2%. The three extracts also regenerated catalase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities with the range of 91.6 to 139% in comparison to the control. Hydrogen peroxide did not change intracellular glutathione content. The three serial
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1. Introduction Plumbago zeylanica L. belonging to the family Plumbaginaceae is an important plant of medicinal value. P. zeylanica is greatly valued in Ayurveda for treatment of cough‚ asthma and gastrointestinal disorders. In Sushrutha Samhitha it has been described as antiseptic‚ febrifuge‚ detoxicant‚ antihelminthic and considered valuable for curing migraine‚ jaundice‚ urinary calculi‚ internal abscesses‚ seminal weakness‚ vaginal discharges and insanity. In the Arabian Peninsula‚ it is mainly
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