is consumed. Botulism poisoning presents an acute reduction of muscle tone. (May 42). However‚ early symptoms may be nonspecific and difficult to associate with Botulinum intoxication. Individuals with food-borne Botulism often experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea‚ vomiting‚ abdominal cramps‚ and diarrhea while neurologic symptoms involve muscle weakness involving head control‚ the upper and lower extremities‚
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studies are required concerning the active compounds and the mechanism of action responsible for antiemetic activity of the extract. It may be that extract has a similar effect to metoclopramide by stimulation of the motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract and accelerates the gastric emptying rate. According to the mechanism of retching‚ emesis can produce by the stimulation of the dopaminergic neurones at the CTZ. On the other hand‚ release of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) from the enterochromaffin
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Wood-Pollard University of South Alabama 1 INDWELLING URINARY CATHETERS AND THE POSTOPERATIVE ORTHOPEDIC PATIENT 2 Catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are the most prevalent of all nosocomial infections inflicted upon patients while hospitalized. Approximately 30% of all hospital reported infections are of the urinary tract (Joint commission: New year will usher in new CAUTI prevention requiremants‚ 2011). The Joint Commission estimates the annual cost of CAUTI care is
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PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY Chapter 5 – Gastrointestinal Agents • Inorganic agents used to treat gastrointestinal disorders includes: 1. Products for altering gastric pH 2. Protectives for intestinal inflammation 3. Adsorbents for intestinal toxins 4. Cathartics of laxatives for constipation ANTACIDS o neutralize excess hydrochloric acid o inactivate the proteolytic enzyme‚ pepsin o alkaline bases Results of Hyperacidity: o Gastritis – inflammation of the gastric mucosa o Peptic ulcer
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An Epidemiological approach in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the award of OD (Doctor of Optometry). By Nwogwugwu Chioma Peace Mat. No.: 04/8131 Department of Optometry‚ Imo state University‚ Owerri. Supervised by: Dr. Onome Okereke December‚ 2009 Table Of content Page 1.0 Introduction 3 2.0 About The study 4 3.0 The Owerri municipal waste dumping site 6 4.0 Environmental pollution and impact of exposure 7 5.0 The study findings 9 6.0 Conclusion
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weight you lose. Malabsorptive/restrictive surgeries: are more invasive surgeries that work by changing how you take in food. In addition to restricting the size of the stomach‚ these surgeries physically remove or bypass parts of your digestive tract‚ which makes it harder for your body to absorb calories. Purely malabsorptive surgeries -- also called intestinal bypasses -- are no longer done because of the side effects. Specific Types of Weight Loss Surgery There are many different surgical
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ECF in interstitium t Intravascular (IV) l Within vascular space l Measured with blood tests l 1/3 of ECF Transcellular Fluid t Small but important fluid compartment t Approximately 1L t Includes fluid in l Cerebrospinal fluid l Gastrointestinal (GI) tract l Pleural spaces l Synovial spaces l Peritoneal fluid spaces Mechanisms Controlling Fluid and Electrolyte Movement t Diffusion o Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration o Occurs in liquids‚ solids
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poliomyelitis‚ which is better known as polio. Poliovirus is usually contracted by the fecal-oral route‚ but sometimes infects by the oral-oral route. Once ingested‚ it is thought that poliovirus first infects the epithelial cells in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract and then spreads to the submucosal lymphoid tissue. This is when the first mild symptoms of poliomyelitis occur. These symptoms include fever‚ fatigue‚ vomiting‚ stiffness in the neck‚ and pain in the limbs. Paralysis occurs when poliovirus
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Guillain-Barre’ Syndrome (GBS) is a common cause of acute onset weakness. It is an immune-mediated disease that is usually preceded by gastrointestinal or respiratory tract infection in most of the cases. Various pathogens like Mycoplasma pneumonia‚ Campylobacter jejuni‚ Epstein Bar virus and Cytomegalovirus are involved in its pathogenesis and immune response directed against these organisms may cross react with myelin sheath and other neural tissues causing weakness.1 it occurs in whole world with
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RISK FACTORS Following risk factors have been recognised for NSTIs - [10] Immunosuppression Diabetes Chronic disease Drugs e.g. steroids Malnutrition Age > 60 I.V. drug misuse Peripheral vascular disease Renal failure Underlying malignancy Obesity Blunt or penetrating trauma Surgery Childbirth CLASSIFICATION OF SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS ANATOMICAL CLASSIFICATION 1. Skin Epidermis- Impetigo‚ folliculitis‚ furunculosis‚ carbunculosis. Dermis- Cellulitis. 2.Subcutaneous tissue and Superficial
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