Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity Mechanisms of Pathogenicity • Pathogenicity: • Virulence: Mechanisms of Pathogenicity Figure 15.9 Portals of Entry • Mucous membranes • Skin • Parenteral route Numbers of Invading Microbes • ID50: Infectious dose for 50% of the test population (animals) • Dose of pathogen that will infect half of the test animals • LD50: Lethal dose (of a toxin) for 50% of the test population (animals) • Dose of toxin that will kill half of the test
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Canadians) in the world and which affects any ethnic group‚ males and females equally and at can be diagnosed at any age ( Risk Factors‚ n.d.). Schmelzer‚ & F. Verville (2014) describe the pathophysiology of Crohns as inflammation of segment of the GI tract (most commonly in terminal ilieu and colon). The inflammation involves the mucosa‚ submucosa and muscularis layers of the intestinal wall. Adversely diseased portions occur between normal portions of the bowls. The diseased portions can contain
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Microbes have existed billions of years on Earth than humanity. Since ancient times‚ they have been known to cause infectious diseases to any form of creature that has life such as humans and animals. In the present-day‚ microbiologists and archeologists are discovering evidence of infectious diseases in ancient human skeletons. As the scientists and researchers were tracking those diseases in ancient human skeletons they had started to discover that microbes contribute too many chronic diseases
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Heartburn is the sensation of burning in the upper part of the digestive tract‚ that includes the throat. Heartburn is one of the most common gastrointestinal problems in a pregnant woman. It happens during the first trimester and disappears during the second trimester. When the hormones are released by the placenta‚ it relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter. This keeps the food contents in the stomach and it allows the acid to go into the esophagus. The lower esophageal sphincter can be disturbed
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Morphine is a drug that is extracted form the poppy seed and is classified as an opiate. The drug was founded in 1806 when it was first isolated from opium by Frederich Sertürner. When he isolated morphine it was then discovered that it is 10 times stronger than opium and from then he named the drug “morphium after Morpheus‚ the god of dreams” (Hart‚ 2014). The major success that followed the discovery of morphine then lead the scientists to further research into opium to find what else could be
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of the endocrine system Organisation of the endocrine system: (diagrams of each) • Pituitary gland • Hypothalamus • Thyroid and parathyroid gland • Pancreas • Adrenal medulla • Adrenal cortex • Gonads and placenta • Pineal • Gastrointestinal tract To achieve M3 state what function it has in relation to endocrine system. Function of the endocrine system: • Characteristics of hormones (diagram‚ location and job) • Names and actions of principle hormones produces by each gland
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There are many different circulation routes throughout our bodies that help our body stay functioning right. One of these major circulation routes is the fetal circulation route. The fetal circulation route is the route in which the blood flows from mother to fetus. It often uses the entire fetoplacential circulation which includes the umbilical cord‚ and the vessels within the placenta that carries the fetal blood. Basically the placenta is doing the work that the baby’s lungs will do after it is
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In the unknown identification labs‚ we have identified our unknown as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is Gram negative and rod shaped that we found to be motile in the lab. Our strain of P. aeruginosa formed colonies that were round in shape and had scalloped margins on nutrient agar. On our agar slant‚ the P. aeruginosa colonies had a filiform appearance on the edges. I think we correctly identified our unknown as P. aeruginosa because we performed several different tests‚ eleven
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fracture‚ by an anesthetist blind to the type of intervention. Finally‚ after the intervention‚ the patients were put under close and direct observation in a quiet and dim room. The incidence of any side effects of ketamine injections such as gastrointestinal (nausea‚ vomiting‚ increase in salivary secretion)‚ neurological (dizziness‚ headache‚ light-headedness‚ nystagmus‚ visual disturbance‚ drowsiness‚ numbness‚ or increased skeletal tone)‚ psychological (hallucination‚ dysphoria or confusion‚ agitation
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Speaker Paper (Dr. Carl Selavka) Dr. Carl Matthew Selavka is one of the world renowned forensic toxicologists of today. Dr. Selavka has a strong background in biology‚ chemistry‚ and forensics‚ and illustrated that it would be very helpful in the field of forensic science. His background originated from Indiana University where he received his Bachelor of Arts double major in Chemistry and Forensic Science and at Northeastern University where he received a Master of Science in Forensic Chemistry
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