CONTRACT LAW – LECTURE 4 Promissory estoppel Is about the enforceability of all alteration promises (promises to pay more and promises to accept less) and by contrast estoppels does not apply to promises about the formation of initial contracts Ex. If a creditor promises to accept a smaller sum in full settlement intending the debtor to rely on that promise‚ and the debtor does rely on it‚ the debtor may have a defence of promissory estoppels when sued for the balance by the creditor. The promise
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Part 1 A contract is an agreement between two or more parties‚ which can be legally enforceable. A contract maybe written or oral‚ although an oral agreement can be difficult to prove in court. In order for a contract to exist it must include four elements‚ that being offer‚ acceptance‚ intention and consideration. (Sweeney & O’Reilly 2007 pg 160). A contract only exists when an offer has been accepted‚ an offer has the intention to be legally binding and the willingness to contract on certain conditions
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Law of Agency – the Contracts Act 1950 Great Northern Railway Co v Swaffield states that where impossible to get principal’s instructions‚ the agent’s action is necessary to prevent loss and the agent has acted in good faith‚ an agency of necessity arises. The Contracts Act 1950 states that an agent has to obey principal’s instructions. The Contracts Act 1950 states that an agent has to be careful‚ diligent and use any skill that he may
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CONTRACT OF LAW Contract can be defined as ‘an agreement enforceable by law’. In other words‚ a contract is an agreement made between two(2) parties or more which is legally binding between the parties. There are six (6) basic elements in the contract : 1. Offer refers to a proposal that is capable of being converted into an agreement by its acceptance. Section 2(a) of Contract Act 1950 provides that when a person signifies another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything‚ with
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Court Court of Common Pleas Citation(s) (1862) 11 Cb (NS) 869; [1862] EWHC CP J35; 142 ER 1037 Transcript(s) Full text of judgment Judge(s) sitting Willes J‚ Byles J and Keating J Felthouse v Bindley (1862) EWHC CP J 35‚ is the leading English contract law case on the rule that one cannot impose an obligation on another to reject one ’s offer. This is sometimes misleadingly expressed as a rule that "silence cannot amount to acceptance". Later the case has been rethought‚ because it appeared that
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1950. The law applicable are Sec 26 of CA has stated that agreement made without consideration is void. According to Sec 2(d) of CA‚ consideration is an act or abstinence or promise by the promisee or any other person as required by the promisor in return for his promise. Literally‚ it means something that is given in return for something else. On the other hand‚ there was an exceptions under Sec 26 of CA which is an agreement without consideration is void unless the contract made on account
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Sample Contract Exercise Contracts are the bloodline of business. Thus it is absolutely crucial that you understand what you are or your business is signing. We have looked at some common clauses found in contracts like restraint of trade clauses‚ exclusion clauses and liquidated damages clauses. In addition to these‚ there are many other common clauses and the purpose of this exercise is to highlight these clauses as well. If you do a simple search in the Internet you will realize that many of
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JUDGMENT V.N. Khare‚ CJI 1. This appeal which arises out of a judgment and order dated 23-11-2001 passed by the High Court of Kerala at Ernakulam revolves round the question as to whether an arbitration clause in a contract agreement survives despite purported satisfaction thereof. 2. The parties to this appeal entered into an agreement for a project at Kayamkulam. Upon completion of the work the respondent herein submitted final bill which was allegedly not accepted by the appellant‚ where
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law of contractWeather contract between Cheff Reez and Marimar Hotel is void. Principle Offer S.2(a) when a person signifies his willingness to do or abstain from doing anything‚ with a view to obtain the assent of that other to the act of abstinence‚ he said to make a proposal. Acceptance S.2(b) when the person to whom the proposal is made signifies his assent thereto‚the proposal is said to be accepted. A proposal when accepted ‚becomes promise. S.7(b) In order to convert a proposal
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It is trite law that an insurer under a contract of indemnity insurance‚ who has satisfied the claim of the insured‚ is entitled to be placed in the insured’s position in respect of all rights and remedies against other parties which were vested in the insured in relation to the subject-matter of the insurance1. Where the insured has proceeded against the third party after the insurer had paid out the claim and without the insurer’s authority as happened in Visser v Incorporated General Insurances
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