gland logos Greek for the study of a subject Related Fields I. Philosophy Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) • materialism -- position that since nothing exists other than matter and energy the concept of soul is meaningless • form of monism • empiricism -- position that all human knowledge and thought are derived from sensory experience • Locke‚ Hume‚ Mill Related Fields II. Physiology branch of biology concerned with the scientific study of how living organisms function • Müller • Helmholtz
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Ancestors: the Great Philosophers * First people for fundamental questions about how mind works. * Plato (428 BC – 347 BC) * Nativism: certain kinds of knowledge are innate/ inborn. * Aristotle (384 BC – 322BC) * Philosophical empiricism: all knowledge is acquired through experience. * From the brain to the mind: the French connection * Rene Descartes (1596 – 1650) * Body& mind are fundamentally different things * Body is made of material substance; mind is made
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Donnie Millang Psych August 30‚ 2012 Chapter 1- The Science of Psychology What it means to be a psychologist Overview: 1. What is psychology 2. The growth of psychology as a science 3. Major trends in the development of psychology What is Psychology? -Psychology: the scientific study of the causes of behavior A. Why is behavior studied a. To understand human behavior b. To explain why people do what they do *If behavior has laws we can study and control those
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Is Intelligence a predictor of job and life success? Over the years‚ intelligence has been defined in many different ways and called many different things. There are the abbreviations: “IQ” (intelligence quotient)‚ “g” (general intelligence)‚ “GCA” (general cognitive ability) and “GMA” (general mental ability). Whatever we call it‚ the way we measure it has not really changed in many years. On how intelligence helps performance‚ most people will suggest that it is by improving things like problem
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Key perspective assignment This assignment will be describing and evaluating two key perspectives within psychology which exist in deliberate contrast of one another. The first of which is the psychodynamic perspective founded by Sigmund Freud‚ who ignores the trappings of science and instead focuses on unconscious/internal conflicts‚ trying to get inside the head of individuals in order to make sense of their relationships‚ experiences and how they see the world (McLeod‚ 2007). It will then describe
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languages by the age of 5 (roughly) How is knowledge acquired in general (or skills‚ dispositions)? Nativism (its innate) Vs. Empricism (it comes through experience) Modern controversy over language acquisition (1950-present) Empiricism (Behaviorism‚ Connectionism)- exposure to language (primary linguistic data) + TEACHING [for many empiricist] + GENERAL Cognitive Capacities Modern Nativism (Chomsky: Generative Grammar) – exposure to language (primary linguistic data) + LANGUAGE
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Introduction to Psychology Chapter One Chapter Outline What is Psychology ? Subdisciplines of Psychology The Origins of Psychology Ways of Thinking About Mind‚ Body‚ and Experience No One Perspective Tells the Whole Story in Psychology Bringing It All Together: Making Connections in Psychology What is Psychology? Psychology defined – Psychology is the scientific study of thought and behavior – Literature….. – History….. – Sociology….. Why Should You Study Psychology?
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PSY2012 Scientific Thinking What is the definition of psychology (both definitions given in class)? What is the goal of psychology? Psychology (broad definition)- the scientific study of the mind‚ brain‚ and behaviour. Psychology- the study of an individuals thoughts‚ feelings‚ and behaviour. Goal of psych- use scientific methods to systematically observe‚ understand‚ and predict the human experience. What are four reasons (discussed in class) why psychology can be a complex and challenging
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of knowledge. Aristotle sought to categorize his observations. The Scientific Revolution Newtonian influences Freudian influence Skepticism Realism Conceptualism Nominalism Empiricism Rationalism Absolute Idealism Existentialism Phenomenology Hermeneutics Structuralism Deconstruction Critical Theory Pragmatism Behaviorism Functionalism Thales‚ Anaximander‚ Anaximenes‚ Leucippus‚ Democritus‚ Socrates‚ Plato‚ Aristotle‚ Pyrrho‚ Descartes‚ Locke‚ Berkeley‚ Hume‚ Kant‚ What is knowledge? What can
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Behaviorism- Skinner‚ Watson‚ Pavlov/ Occums Razor- simplest explanation is the most plausible. Law of Effect- Any theory that makes the fewest new assumptions usually provides correct answer. B.F. Skinner- focus to explaining personality is in factual/descriptive terms.-based on observable /measurable behaviors.-adoption of experimental method to study behaviors. BASIC PREMISE of behaviorism-personality shaped by experience. Result of conditioned stimulus & reinforced behaviors Classical
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