Introduction Aromatic compounds‚ which are planar cyclic rings with (4n+2)π electrons‚ will not undergo simple addition reactions like those of alkyl substances. However‚ in the presence of an electrophile‚ aromatic compounds will undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution. In this type of reaction‚ two π electrons from the aromatic ring serve for the ring to act as a nucleophile and attack an electrophile. For nitration‚ this nucleophile is NO2+‚ which is produced by reacting nitric and sulfuric
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because of the presence of two methoxy groups. The groups act as activators to electrophilic aromatic substitution because of their ability to donate electrons through resonance. This enhanced activation helps favor the initial substitution. After this‚ the ring has two methoxy groups and an alkyl group attached to it. The addition of the alkyl group further activate the ring for another electrophilic aromatic substitution. The addition of a second alkyl group must attach on the opposite side of the
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Lab 8- nitration of Methyl I Benzonate Date of experiment: INTRODUCTION: The nitration of methyl benzoate is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substation reaction. In the experiment the electrophile was the nitronium ion and the aromatic compound was methyl benzoate and with addition of nitrating solution Methyl 3-nitrobenzoate was the product. Methyl benzoate Methyl 3-nitrobenzoate MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: The procedures for this experiment
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Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: The Nitration of Toluene Abstract This industrially important reaction of EAS: The Nitration of Toluene exhibits how the attack of a nitronium ion would give out major and minor products at different positions of toluene. This is an electrophilic substitution mechanism. Mixture of concentrated sulphuric and nitric acid will produce a nitronium ion‚ which will attack ortho-‚ meta- and para- positions at Toluene. (Mechanism at appendix). Introduction/Procedure
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CHEMISTRY 220 PRACTICAL REPORT PRACTICAL 1 Title: Nitration of Acetanilide Aim : To observe how an Aromatic electrophilic Substitution reaction takes place via the nitration of Acetanilide i.e. how hydrogen on a carbon chain is replaced with a nitro group. Reagents and Chemicals: • Acetanilide (5g) • Glacial acetic acid (5mL) • Concentrated sulphuric acid (10mL &1.5mL) • Concentrated Nitric acid (2.0mL) • Methanol (30-50mL) Modification to experimental
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cyclohexane‚ and cyclohexene are aromatic. All are not oxidized except for cyclohexene. I. Introduction Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen. Hydrocarbons can be aromatic or aliphatic depending on their structure. Hydrocarbons that contain a delocalized ring of pi bonds are called aromatic hydrocarbons and those without a delocalized ring of pi bonds are called aliphatic hydrocarbons. To be classified as Aromatic‚ a compound must have an uninterrupted
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nitro group is added to or substituted in a molecule. It can be carried out by a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Mixture is useful to obtain the active nitronium ion. Electrophilic aromatic substitution is a method used when a functional group is needed to be substituted on to an aromatic compound. In the nitration‚ nitronium ion acts as the electrophile that involves the attack of the electron-rich Benzene ring. [3] In this experiment nitration is carried out using acetanilide
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References: EXPERIMENT 3 (Organic Chemistry II): Nitration of Aromatic Compounds: Preparation of methyl-m-nitrobenzoate. Available from: < http://swc2.hccs.edu/pahlavan/2425L3.pdf> Nitrating Methyl Benzoate: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. Available from: < http://www.franklincollege.edu/pwp/lmonroe/Organic%20Chem/Methyl%20Benzoate.pdf> Pavia‚ D.L.‚ 2003‚ Nitration of Methyl Benzoate‚ Introduction
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when electrophilic aromatic substitution is the mechanism. Experiencing many pitfalls‚ however‚ has lead to the actual product obtained to contain the expected product‚ as well as many impurities. This report examines the supposed mechanism for the electrophilic substitution‚ a mechanism for the product’s photochromic property‚ as well as an explanation as to why the mechanism happens in this particular sequence. Introduction: Nitration of 2-benzylpyridine through electrophilic aromatic substitution
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An examination of the porphyrin structure reveals that individual pyrrole units comprise the overall structure. As an aromatic compound‚ pyrrole can participate in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions to form the porphyrin (your report should discuss the mechanism in great detail‚ including the regiochemistry). The initial porphyrinogen product is not fully aromatic‚ but oxidation from atmospheric oxygen in the presence of the Lewis acid silica gel allows formation of the fully conjugated
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