NiCl2 was recorded to calculate the apparatus constant as 5.7538. cv and cm for each solution was determined in order to calculate the number of unpaired electrons for each paramagnetic complex. Fe(NH4)2(SO4)26(H20) had 4 unpaired electrons‚ KMnO4 had zero unpaired electrons‚ and K3[Fe(CN)6] had 1 unpaired electron. The apparent 1 unpaired electron in K3[Fe(CN)6] when there should be five according to atomic orbital calculations arises from a strong ligand field produced by CN-. Introduction: The
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An experiment to investigate the factors which affect Resistance in a wire What is resistance? A potential difference (V) applied across a wire of length (l)‚ there is in the conductor‚ an electric field (E). In this electric field the free electrons are not however under continuous acceleration (Ee/m). This is because they repeatedly collide with the moderately massive vibrating atoms losing their kinetic energy. The vibrating atoms having gained this kinetic energy now vibrate more. The resulting
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electricity possible. In the article the author says that we use electricity in our daily lives. In the article it explains that all matter is made up of atoms which are made up of smaller particles called the proton‚ the neutron‚ and the electron. It states that electrons have a negative charge and protons have a positive charge. There
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consists of a lattice of positive ions surrounded by a ‘sea’ of mobile delocalised valence electrons. • Metallic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between the delocalised electrons and the positive ions in the metallic lattice. Properties of metals: Property Explanation Relatively high density The particles are very close together. This is because of high electrostatic forces between the sea of valence electrons and the positively charged nucleus. Malleability and Ductility Because metallic bonding
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bond when atoms share pairs of electron to become stable. For covalent bonding‚ two or more elements must have shared electrons. Atoms become stable by filling up their outermost shell with shared electrons. An atom can only have 8 electrons and that rule came from the Octet
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A Seminar Report On “Spintronics Technology” Session 2010-2011 Submitted To: Submitted By: Dr. R.S. Meena Mr. Pankaj Shukla Dept. of Electronics Engg. UCE‚ RTU‚ Kota Shailendra Kumar Singh C.R.No. 07/126 Final Year‚ ECE UCE‚ RTU‚ Kota Department of Electronics and Communication Engg. University College of Engineering Rajasthan Technical University‚ Kota Page 1 CERTIFICATE This is certify that the Seminar report titled “Spintronics Technology” has been submitted
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11 I. ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to demonstrate how batteries work. Batteries may seem a little magical‚ but they are not. A battery actually is just a container of chemicals that react together to produce a flow of electrons‚ which is what an electrical current really is. A battery has two terminals‚ one positive and one negative. They are usually marked by plus and minus signs‚ so you can tell which is which. After the battery is assembled‚ a multimeter / voltmeter
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neutrons and electrons. * Define proton number and nucleon number. * Use proton number and the simple structure of atoms to explain the basis of the Periodic Table (Ref. Z=1 to 20) * Define isotopes. * State the two types of isotopes as being radioactive and non-radioactive. * State one medical and one industrial use of radioactive isotopes. * Describe radioactive isotopes as a source of energy. eg. 235U * Describe the build-up of electrons in `shells` and
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an atom. The photoelectric effect is inversely proportional to the kV cubed and is proportional to the atomic number cubed. The photon is completely absorbed. The ejected electron is known as the photoelectron. In Compton scatter the incident photon is both absorbed and scattered. The ejected electron is known as a recoil electron which is scattered in the forward direction. The photon has a longer wavelength than the incident photon due to loss of energy. Pair production never occurs in diagnostic radiography
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in Quantumland 1. Electrons have no distinguishing features except spin Upon falling into the quantum wonderland while in her living room‚ Alice finds herself faced with a new reality of existence that seems to baffle her. She is first met with some strange-looking dweller of the new and vastly strange wonderland that she could not make out. She politely introduces herself as Alice‚ thereby invoking a response from her companion to the effect that it was an electron. Alice also noted that
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