Afghanistan’s state-building and reconstruction agenda. International experience suggests that the larger the tax gap (the difference between the taxes actually paid and what should be paid according to existing laws and statutes)‚ the more radical are the changes needed. With a tax gap on the order of 60%‚ Afghanistan needs to adopt a comprehensive strategy including revamping of the tax administration in order to obtain significant improvements in compliance. Based on the more detailed analysis in Volume
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EFFICIENT MARKET THEORY AND TESTS Introduction Market Efficiency A market is said to be efficient if prices in that market reflect all available information. Market efficiency refers to a condition in which current stock prices reflect all the publicly available information about a security. Efficient market emerges when new information is quickly incorporated into the share price so that the price becomes information. In other words the current market price reflects all available information
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the Africa Partnership Forum‚ 26-27 October 2006‚ Moscow‚ Baunsgaard‚ Thomas and M. Keen (2005)‚ “Tax Revenue and (or?) Trade Liberalization”‚ IMF Working Document 05/112‚ IMF‚ New York‚ www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2005/wp05112.pdf. Bernstein‚ Thomas P. and Xiaobo Lu (2003)‚ Taxation without Representation in Contemporary China‚ Cambridge University Press‚ Cambridge. Bird‚ Richard M. (2007)‚ “Tax Challenges Facing Developing Countries: A Perspective from Outside the Policy Arena”‚ DFID‚ London
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American Finance Association Efficient Capital Markets: II Author(s): Eugene F. Fama Source: The Journal of Finance‚ Vol. 46‚ No. 5 (Dec.‚ 1991)‚ pp. 1575-1617 Published by: Blackwell Publishing for the American Finance Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2328565 Accessed: 30/03/2010 21:19 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR ’s Terms and Conditions of Use‚ available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR ’s Terms and
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Business Administration Skills Assignment 1 Title Organizational Structure Author Galina Georgieva Aims * To give an account of the history of the organization. * To describe its current role or business activity * Identify the type of business organization that it is (Sole Trader‚ Partnership‚ Private Company‚ Charity etc.) * To identify clearly the organizational structure (hierarchical or flat structures‚ functional‚ product‚ geographical or matrix structure). State
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The Efficient Market Hypothesis(EMH) was first given by Samuelson(1965)‚Fama(1965) and Mandelbrot(1966).It was based on “Random walk Theory”‚ and stated that since the market price will be affected by new information in the market‚ all available information have been fully reflected on the security price. There are three assumptions for the Efficient Market Hypothesis: 1.All investors are independent‚ rational‚ well-informed and hope for the highest profit; 2.All information are free and randomly
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implications on how the tax system is managed. The country’s tax system is lopsided‚ and dominated by oil revenue. It is also characterized by unnecessarily complex‚ distortionary and largely inequitable taxation laws that have limited application in the informal sector that dominates the economy. The primary objective of this paper is to prepare a case study on tax administration in Nigeria‚ with the specific objectives of examining the main tax reforms in the country; highlighting tax revenue profile and
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Efficient Market Hypothesis When establishing financial prices‚ the market is usually deemed to be well-versed and clever. In a stock market‚ stocks are based on the information given and should be priced at the accurate level. In the past‚ this was supposed to be guaranteed by the accessibility of sufficient information from investors. However‚ as new information is given the prices would shift. “Free markets‚ so the hypothesis goes‚ could only be inefficient if investors ignored price sensitive
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The Efficient Markets Hypothesis The theory of Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH) asserts that (1) stocks are always in equilibrium and (2) it is impossible for an investor to “beat the market” and consistently earn a higher rate of return than is justified by the stock’s risk. Those who believe in the EMH note that there are 100‚000 or so fulltime‚ highly trained‚ professional analysts and traders operating in the market‚ while there are fewer than 3‚000 major stocks. Therefore‚ if each analyst
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and levies. It seems that government might have to collect more money either through VAT (Value Added Tax) or from direct taxes. In Bangladesh VAT introduced in 1991 by replacing the sales taxes is still known as the vital reform in Bangladesh revenue structure. The remaining potential sector is the income taxes sharing almost all taxes coming through direct sources. Tax base is too narrow and the tax law is full of exemptions and allowances. Agriculture sector provides employment for around 60percent
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