DISTILLATION HISTORY • Distilling was used as early as 3500 BC in Mesopotamia where perfume makers had developed it as a technique for isolating the scented oils of flowers and plants‚ what we know as “attar”. • Around 1100 AD wine was first distilled to make spirit by Irish monks who travelled around Europe. • The results of distillation were considered to have magical powers and this led to alcohol being called “water of life” or “usige beatha” in Gaelic‚ “eau de vie” in French
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8. Terfenedine is an amino diol that is the active ingredient in the antihistamine Seldane. Mass spectral analysis of terfenedine shows a molecular ion at m/z = 471 and a peak at m/z = 472 which is 35.5% the height of the molecular ion. Terfenedine is known to contain C‚ H‚ O and N. (a) Suggest five molecular formulas for terfenedine. (b) Terfenedine has an even number of carbons and contains nine double bonds and four rings. Based on this additional information‚ what is the formula for terfenedine
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1_____2_____3_____4_____5_____6_____7_____8_____9_____TOTAL________ CHEM 237‚ FALL 2007 HOUR EXAM 1 Name________________________________________________________ TA Name _______________________ __& Section # _________________ Student #______________________________________________________ 1. (9 pts) Write a valid Lewis structure for each of the following. Show lone pairs and formal charges where necessary. Draw covalent bonds as lines. (a) bisulfate ion‚ HSO4- O HO S O (b) hydrogen cyanide
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with aqueous sodium hydroxide‚ which will react with eugenol‚ to yield the sodium salt of eugenol in the basic aqueous layer‚ and acetyleugenol in the organic layer. The basic aqueous layer can be acidified to re-extract eugenol from it. And the organic layer can be dried and concentrated to yield acetyleugenol The principle of steam distillation is based on the fact that two immiscible liquids will boil at a lower temperature than the boiling points of either pure component‚ because the total vapor
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Table 1: Data Collection Table – Contains all of the primary data directly obtained from the lab. Indicator | Initial volume of NaOH in burette (ml) ±0.05 | Final Volume of NaOH in burette (ml) ±0.05 | Final – initial Burette Reading (Volume of NaOH used) (ml) ±0.1 | Qualitative Observations | Phenolphthalein | 0.00 | 0.90 | 0.9 | At first when the base was being dropped into the vinegar there wasn’t a color change‚ however when the solutions came close to full titration‚ the solution
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Purpose: To find out the densities and to find out the name of the unknown metals. (Based on the extensive and intensive properties) Check up the words mass‚ volume‚ density‚ extensive properties‚ and intensive properties. Where do the units for mass and volume) come from and what do they mean? What is the density of distilled water? What is Archimedes principle? Does temperature affect the density of a solid? Liquid? Gas? Materials: Safety glasses‚ 10‚ 25 or 50 mL graduated cylinders
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Fractional Distillation of GSM Blue Pamela Trix Lanaja‚ Jonathan M. Librojo‚ Shaun Therence Mabunay and Carissa Mae Magdaleno 3Bio3‚ Department of Biology‚College of Science‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract G.S.M. Blue is composed primarily of water‚ sugar cane alcohol with essences of juniper berries and other botanicals with traces of impurities and flavourings and it has 32.5 percent alcohol by volume (65 proof). The experiment aimed to separate its
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Carbon atoms: * Carbon-carbon bonds are not easily broken * Each carbon atom forms 4 covalent bonds * The C-H bond is almost non-polar Classifying organic compounds: * Number of carbon atoms in longest chain: meth‚ eth‚ prop‚ but‚ pent‚ hex‚ hept‚ oct‚ non‚ dec * If it is a branch: -yl; di‚ tri or tetra means there is more than one branch‚ ethyl means there are 2 carbons coming off the branch * If it is a ring of carbons put cyclo at the front of the
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Number Surname Other Names Candidate Signature Candidate Number For Examiner’s Use Examiner’s Initials Question Mark General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination January 2011 1 2 3 Chemistry Unit 4 Kinetics‚ Equilibria and Organic Chemistry 9.00 am to 10.45 am Wednesday 26 January 2011 CHEM4 4 5 6 7 For this paper you must have: ● the Periodic Table/Data Sheet‚ provided as an insert (enclosed) ● a calculator. TOTAL Time allowed ● 1 hour 45 minutes
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The Synthesis of Organic Aspirin ABSTRACT: The purpose of this experiment was to find out how a reaction undergoes for a globally known painkiller called aspirin‚ and to become familiar with achieving successful yields. Aspirin is synthesized from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Those two chemicals are mixed together along with sulfuric acid to form a crude solid. Filtration is used separate the impurities from the crude aspirin. To get purified aspirin‚ the precipitate was heated until all
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