Acknowledgements First of all‚ we would like to express our deepest appreciation to our Biology Semester2 lecturer and supervisor who provided us the possibility to complete this proposal. A special gratitude we would like to give to Mr. Shawn K. Nithianantham‚ whose provided us a lot of valuable advice and suggestions‚ and helped us to coordinate our project proposal. We would also like to express our gratitude towards him for showing us useful examples that related to this proposal
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planet is cellulose. While cellulase is the enzyme to degrade this carbon and it is a key enzyme in the bio refinery process of producing green chemicals (Ponnambalam et al.‚ 2011). In screening for the cellulolytic fungi‚ several qualitative display of cellulolytic such congo red clearing zone assay‚ gel diffusion assay and dyed congo red filter paper clearing zone assay can be used. In this screening‚ congo red clearing zone assay is performed on 9 unknown fungi isolates on CMC media. Cellulose degradation
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materials containing three major components namely‚ Cellulose‚ Hemicellulose‚ and lignin. According to Swami‚ S. B. ‚ et al (2012)‚ the heartwood of jackfruit on analysis yields (59%) Cellulose that is similar in the main component that contains an ordinary paper. These factors are the basis of the researchers in creating handmade paper from jackfruit peelings. In line with Rachtanapun‚ P. et al(2012) that durian rind is a good source of Cellulose fiber even though some part of the durian is not edible
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Fiber structure and formation…..................................................................10-11 2.10 Raw cotton component.................................................................................. 11 2.11 Repeat unit of cellulose................................................................................. 12 2.12 Physical properties of cotton......................................................................... 13 2.12.1 Fiber length……………..……….…………
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production occurs in five important steps: (1) the creation of pulp‚ (2) deinking‚ (3) bleaching‚ (4) pitch control‚ and (5) coating. The raw material‚ wood‚ is first acquired from trees. Wood is a natural polymer composed of cellulose‚ hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose is the principle‚ structural material which makes of the cell walls in plants. Hemicellulose is a polysaccharide in plant cell; and lignin is an organic material which binds all these fibers together. There are two methods used
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raw materials for the preparation of rayon. The term rayon includes all synthetic fibres obtained from Cellulose and are used commercially in fibre manufacturing. Cellulose can be converted into Cupra silk‚ Viscose rayon and acetate rayon depending upon the mode of treatment it undergoes while preparing rayon. Among these Viscose rayon is the most common. Cellulose is an insoluble material which is first converted into soluble derivative called Viscose. The viscose
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Sucrose Synthesis by D. DeWitt‚ PhD v1.5 11/10/12 Introduction | Condensation Reaction | Plant Synthesis | A. Introduction Although it might seem straight forward‚ the synthesis of sucrose‚ either as a simple condensation reaction (a.k.a. dehydration synthesis)‚ or what actually happens in plants is complicated. Before we explore sucrose’s creation‚ let’s take a look at its structure. In Figure 1‚ the space-filling model is pretty but rather useless at this point in our journey. We
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Journal of Polymers and the Environment‚ Vol. 10‚ Nos. 1/2‚ April 2002 ( 2002) Sustainable Bio-Composites from Renewable Resources: Opportunities and Challenges in the Green Materials World A. K. Mohanty‚1‚2 M. Misra‚1 and L. T. Drzal 1 Sustainability‚ industrial ecology‚ eco-efficiency‚ and green chemistry are guiding the development of the next generation of materials‚ products‚ and processes. Biodegradable plastics and bio-based polymer products based on annually renewable agricultural
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is its tendency to crease easily‚ which makes care of such garments more difficult‚ The tendency to crease is due to the to partially amorphous structure of the cellulose‚ which means that structural alterations can quite easily occur. Many weak molecular bonds such as hydrogen or Van Der Waals forces‚ which link together long cellulose polymer chains‚ can alter. Siltex 30200/Resin In order to limit creasing‚ Siltex 30200/Resin can be used which creates stronger (covalent) and more permanent
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77 work is desired. The objective of this paper is to help define what is required of a pretreatment and how to select the best one. Whether one uses cellulase or acid as the catalyst for the hydrolysis of a heterogeneous substrate such as cellulose‚ the catalyst must be able to contact the glucosidic bonds.
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