Carbohydrates H2SO4 acts as dehydrating agent forming furfural derivatives which interact with alpha-naphthol librating a violet layered compound Test | Molisch test | Objective | A general test for all carbohydrates. Monosaccharides give a rapid positive test. Disaccharides and polysaccharides react slower. | Principle involved | Dehydration of the carbohydrate by concentrated sulfuric acid to produce an aldehyde | Reagent | H2SO4 | Positive results | a purple-black layer/violet ring
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Testing for reducing sugars‚ non-reducing sugars‚ starch‚ lipids and proteins in unknown substances: Our aim: was to find out which substances from our five samples have reducing sugars present to determine what they may be for example; they could be monosacchrides or disaccharides. This was carried out by using Benedict’s test. To find out which substances from our five samples were non-reducing sugars‚ since some disaccharides are reducing sugars and this would be carried out by using Benedict’s
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Test Biuret Test Reagents CuSO4 sol’n‚ diluted NaOH Test for Intact proteins and protein hydrlysates (at least tripeptide‚ 2 peptide bonds Result Pink to violet blue color Ninhyrin Test 1‚2‚3-indanetrione monohydrate or triketohydintene hydrate‚ ethanol Alpha- amino group (usually a general test for amino acids) Xanthoproteic Test Conc. HNO3‚ conc. NaOH For W‚F‚Y (aromatic except for H) Blue to blue-violet Oxidative decarboxylation color & deamination
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Proteins Are the basic materials of every body cell. Body cells are constantly wearing out. As a result‚ they are continuously in need of replacement Of the six nutrients group‚ only proteins can make new cells rebuild tissue. By the age of 4 years‚ body protein content reaches the adult level of about 18% of body weight. An adequate supply of proteins in the daily diet is essential for the maintenance of health. The word protein is a Greek derivation and means “of first importance”. Composition
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Intro: Carbohydrate‚ any of a large group of compounds in which hydrogen and oxygen‚ in the proportions in which they exist in water‚ are combined with carbon; the formula of most of these compounds may be expressed as Cn(H2O)n. Structurally‚ however‚ these compounds are not hydrates of carbon‚ as the formula would seem to indicate. Carbohydrates‚ as a class‚ are the most abundant organic compounds found in nature. They are produced by green plants and by bacteria using the process known as photosynthesis
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Importance of Lipids Lipids are organic compounds found in all types of plant and animal cells. They always contain carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen‚ however the relative amount of oxygen is less than the amount of carbohydrates in lipids. Lipids are polymers and the long chains of repeating units are joined together in a condensation reaction where water is also produced. The most common types of lipids are triglycerides‚ phospholipids and waxes. Triglycerides are formed by three fatty acids and glycerol
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7—Determination of Total Carbohydrates Using the Phenol-Sulfuric Acid Method This lab introduced the students to analyzing carbohydrate content using a spectrophotometer and phenol-sulfuric acid methods. Virginia Smith 983976633 Lab Partner: Jeff Martz Due Date: 3-22-11 Introduction The objective of this lab was to have students use a spectrophotometer to analyze the carbohydrate content in the sample. Phenol-sulfuric acid methods were also
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The Chemistry of Lipids Experiment #8 Objective To observe the solubility of lipids in polar and nonpolar solvents and to compare saturated and unsaturated fats in their chemical reaction with bromine. The percent fat in a food will be determined by extraction of the fat and weighing it. Introduction Lipids‚ by definition‚ are natural substances that do not mix with water but dissolve in organic solvents. There are several classes of lipids‚ including: fatty acids‚ waxes‚ triacylglycerols
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Abstract Carbohydrates are the most abundant organic compounds in the plant world. They act as storehouses of chemical energy (glucose‚ starch‚ glycogen); are components of supportive structures in plants (cellulose)‚crustacean shells (chitin)‚ and connective tissues in animals (glucosaminoglycans); and are essential components of nucleic acids (D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose). Monosaccharides‚ oligosaccharides‚ and polysaccharides are theclassifications of carbohydrates. This experiment involves
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Effect of Protein Intake on Strength‚ Body Composition and Endocrine Changes in Strength/Power Athletes Introduction: Proteins are often called the building blocks of the body. Protein consists of combinations of structures called amino acids that combine in various ways to make muscles‚ bone‚ tendons‚ skin‚ hair‚ and other tissues. They serve other functions as well including nutrient transportation and enzyme production. Adequate‚ regular protein intake is essential because it isn’t easily
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