_________________ Examiner-I Mr. Abdul Gafoor __________________ Examiner-II Mr. Junaid Khalid __________________ Abstract Working capital management is important part in firm financial management decision. Improper management of Working capital‚ that is‚ too much or too low working capital may suffer firms‚ so an optimum level of working capital is the key to a smooth inflow of profit. In this paper we investigate the relationship between profitability
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Вступ (або візьми перший абзац тексту) Cash was originally a physical substance like gold and silver. Today‚ although much of the money used by individuals in their everyday transactions is still in the form of notes and coins‚ its quantity is small in comparison with the intangible money that exists only as entries in bank records. Perhaps coins and banknotes will become as obsolete as shells. But not today. Основна частина Cash Versus Electronic Payments: A Foot in Both Camps By: William
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Chapter 9 – Auditing the Expenditure Cycle Summary Purchases and Cash Disbursement Procedures Using Batch Processing Technology Many batch system functions are the same as those in a manual purchase system. The main difference is that the routine accounting tasks are automated. Data Processing Department: Step 1 – the purchasing process begins in the data processing department‚ where the inventory control function is performed. The revenue cycle (in retailing firms) or the conversion cycle
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the 2008 financial statement of four companies in the retail industry‚ namely Courts Singapore Private Limited‚ Dairy Farm International Holdings Private Limited‚ Isetan Singapore Private Limited and OSIM International Limited. We will look at the amount of receivables of each company. In particular‚ their allowance for bad debts and bad debt expense in their financial statements. 2. About Courts Singapore Private Limited Headquartered in Singapore‚ Courts opened its first retail outlet
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How can email communication affect your business? Email is now one of the fastest ways to gain or lose potential customers because of its ability to deliver information fast to an enormous amount of people. After sending an email you are no longer in control of the effects of the message and can only wait in suspense. An employee of your company started off his/her day in a bad mood. A potential customer emails them with a trivial question and they reply with a brash tone. Do you think that the
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Cash Flows and Their Relevance Cash flows refer to both the inflows and outflows of cash during a defined period by a company or corporation and are linked to the business as a whole or a specific capital project. Cash flows measure real economic wealth‚ take place at particular points in time and are generally free of accounting classification constraints. (Cash Flow‚ n.d.) Relevant cash flows have several descriptive factors. A relevant cash flow is one that will change in relation to
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Business‚ Financial Markets and Services Year 4 Superior Manufacturing is thinking of launching a new product. The company expects to sell $950‚000 of the new product in the first year and $1‚500‚000 each year thereafter Superior Manufacturing is thinking of launching a new product. The company expects to sell $950‚000 of the new product in the first year and $1‚500‚000 each year thereafter. Direct costs including labor and materials will be 55% of sales. Indirect incremental costs are
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Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 4 Company Profile 4 Company History 6 Vision 8 Mission Statement 9 Business Concept 11 METRO Cash & Carry Pakistan 12 Organizational Structure 14 Industry & Competitors’ Analysis 15 Industry Analysis 15 Competitors’ Analysis 17 Makro-Habib Pakistan Limited 17 Hyperstar Pakistan 18 Literature Review 20 Research Question 26 Research Methodology 29 Analysis & Findings 32 Survey Questionnaires’ Analysis
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Cash flow management: The life force of your businesses By LaZandrea Porter Cash flow management is a vital force to the success of any business‚ large or small. Some have compared cash flow management to the life source of the human body‚ the blood. Much like blood‚ cash keeps a business going‚ and cash flow is the circulatory system of a business. With this in mind‚ it is important to understand that managing cash flow goes beyond the generating of sales revenue. This article will aid
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The Power of Cash Flow Ratios EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CASH FLOW RATIOS ARE MORE RELIABLE indicators of liquidity than balance sheet or income statement ratios such as the quick ratio or the current ratio. LENDERS‚ RATING AGENCIES AND WALL STREET analysts have long used cash flow ratios to evaluate risk‚ but auditors have been slow to use them. SOME CASH FLOW RATIOS COMPARE THE RESOURCES A company can muster with its short-term commitments. OTHER CASH FLOW RATIOS MEASURE A COMPANYS
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