congratulates him/her. This is an example of a positive reinforcement. There are four main types of reinforcement. These reinforcements are: positive reinforcement‚ negative reinforcement‚
Premium Reinforcement
self-image or face wants to be respected. Face means public self image of a person; it refers to the emotional and social sense of self that everyone has and expects everyone to recognize (Yule‚ 1996:60). Face has two aspects‚ positive and negative. An individual’s positive face is reflected in his or her desires to be liked‚ approved of‚ respected of and appreciated by others. While an individual’s negative face is reflected in the desire not be impeded or put upon‚ to have the freedom to act as
Premium Politeness theory
Unconditional Positive Regard is a central concept in the theories of Carl R. Rogers‚ both for psychotherapy and for interpersonal relations. A universal need for positive regard by others appears at about the same time a person begins to experience awareness of self (Rogers‚ 1959). In therapy‚ UPR is a quality of the therapist’s experience toward the client (p. 239). Rogers’ writing sheds light on various aspects of this construct: Unconditional One experiencing UPR holds ‘no conditions of acceptance
Premium Psychology Humanistic psychology Psychotherapy
Positive Thinking The difference between can and cannot are only three letters. Three letters that determine your life’s direction. Being positive or negative are habits of thoughts that have a very strong influence on life. Positive and negative are directions. Which direction do you choose? Positive thinking is expecting‚ talking and visualizing with certainty what you want to achieve‚ as an accomplished fact. Riches‚ mediocrity and poverty begin in the mind. Reality is the mirror of your
Premium Thought Mind Psychology
A manager’s span of control refers to how many employees that manager supervises. A manager with a wide span of control supervises many employees‚ while one with a narrow span of control supervises just a few. A wide span of control can have positive or negative effects on the employees‚ or a mix of both‚ depending on how the business is structured and how the manager handles supervisory duties. For example‚ if a manager directly controls 10 employees in the organization then it is his span of
Premium Management Structure Hierarchy
forgiveness are basic attributes of positive psychology. Seligman‚ (2002)‚ defines positive psychology as the psychology that is more focused on emphasizing the positive attributes of humans‚ as opposed to focusing on the study of maladaptive characters that human beings have. The pivotal role of positive psychology is to nurture happiness in human beings. The attributes; love‚ hope‚ forgiveness and gratitude help foster this aim in the society. These attributes of positive psychology also help improve
Premium Love Meaning of life
Positive Replacement Behaviors Lois Bartley Grand Canyon University: SPE-522 May 08‚ 2013 Reinforcement is a consequence following a behavior that could increase the probability of the behavior (Cooper‚ Heron‚ & Heward‚ 2007). Reinforcement helps the behavior to be strong enough that it can occur naturally within its one’s environment or can be a part of an intervention plan that teaches new behaviors (Sulzer-Azaroff & Mayor‚ 1991). Reinforcement is an important concept in operant conditioning
Free Operant conditioning Reinforcement Experimental analysis of behavior
How does the new paradigm of Positive Psychology differ from Traditional Psychology? Traditional psychology appeared to explain the development of mental disorders and provided a framework for the treatment of these disorders or emotional difficulties. This started in the earlier 1900’s with Sigmund Freud‚ but holes began to appear in this first global theory. The theory explained behavior in terms of conditioning and reinforcement. Psychoanalytic theory used to explain emotional problems and
Premium Psychology Sigmund Freud Psychoanalysis
BEHAVIOURAL PERSPECTIVE OF LEADERSHIP Identified two clusters of leader behaviour 1. People-Oriented Leader * A job done through people * Share the information or the details of project with staffs and employees * Staffs and employees are given opportunities to voice their opinion and idea * Recognizing and accommodating the needs of their employees * Include the staffs and employees in decision making * Team building activities such as teamwork‚ collaboration‚ group
Premium Cognition Management Decision making
INTRODUCTION A good attitude or positive attitude is the outward manifestation of a mind that dwells primarily on positive matters. It is a mind-set tipped in favour of creative activity rather than boredom‚ joy over sadness‚ hope over futility. A positive attitude is that state of mind which can be maintained only through conscious effort. When something jars one’s mental focus into a negative direction‚ those who are positive know that in order to bounce back adjustments must be made. THE
Premium Optimism Mind Pessimism