Bacillus thuringiensis Bacillus thuringiensis Spores and bipyramidal crystals of Bacillus thuringiensis morrisoni strain T08025 Scientific classification Kingdom: Eubacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Bacilli Order: Bacillales Family: Bacillaceae Genus: Bacillus Species: thuringiensis Binomial name Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner 1915 Contents Introduction Use in pest control Genetic engineering for pest control Usage Advantages Safety Limitations to Bt crops
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Bacillus Cereus Bacillus cereus is a rod-shaped gram- positive bacillus that can be found in food‚ dust‚ dirt and sometimes soil. It is an aerobe and a facultative anaerobe that can form spores‚ which if activated at any point can begin to germinate and produce toxins. These spores that form from B. cereus are be resistant to heat and chemicals. B. cereus is found in approximately 25% of food sampled (3). Foods that are commonly associated with B. cereus are potatoes‚ rice‚ meat‚ vegetables
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I had # 8 organism‚ Bacillus subtilis. Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive bacteria‚ rod-shaped and catalase positive. In order to figure out what is my unknown organism for this assignment‚ I had to perform series of tests. First was the glucose‚ lactose‚ and sucrose test. Through these three tests‚ I was able to detect the ability of the microorganism to ferment a specific carbohydrate. Fermentation reactions are observed by the color change in pH. In class‚ we used phenol red as the pH indicator
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INTRODUCTION Bacillus anthracis has recently become popular as the causative agent of anthrax infections. Belonging to the bacillus species‚ the bacterium is considered‚ along with Bacillus cereus‚ to be of extreme medical importance. Until recently‚ the condition caused by the bacterium was rarely heard of. Although the bacterium is naturally found in the soil‚ its rare occurrences in humans have only been observed in those working with livestock or imported livestock products‚ therefore the
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Bacillus thuringiensis Bacillus thuringiensis is a universal‚ gram-positive‚ vegetative‚ spore-forming bacterium that is rod shaped and varies between 2–5 µm long and about 1.0 µm wide . Bt consists large rods with slightly curved ends and forms a parasporal crystal during the stationary phase of its growth cycle . Occurring in pairs or short chains‚ Bt is also motile with peritrichous flagella and non-caspulated . Bt belongs to the family of bacteria‚ Bacillus cerus (B. cerus)‚ which produces
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Heat resistance of endospores of Bacillus pumilus Abstract Spore suspension of Bacillus pumilus was inoculated into universal bottles containing sterile distilled water in water baths at temperatures of 85°C‚ 90°C and 95°C. At specific time intervals‚ a sample was removed and spread on nutrient agar plates. The number of colonies formed was used to determine the D-value and z-value. The D-value for 85°C is 64.1 minutes‚ 25.7 minutes for 90°C and 8.2 minutes for 95°C while the z-value is 11
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------------------------------------------------- Genetically modified crops Genetically modified crops (GM crops‚ or biotech crops) are plants‚ the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineeringtechniques‚ to resist pests and agents causing harm to plants and to improve the growth of these plants to assist in farmers efficiency. Genetic engineering techniques are much more precise[1] than mutagenesis (mutation breeding) where an organism is exposed to radiation or chemicals to create
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Genetically modified crops (GMCs‚ GM crops‚ or biotech crops) are plants‚ the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering techniques. In most cases the aim is to introduce a new trait to the plant which does not occur naturally in the species. Examples include resistance to certain pests‚ diseases‚ or environmental conditions‚ or resistance to chemical treatments (e.g. resistance to a herbicide)‚ or the production of a certain nutrient or pharmaceutical agent. Genetic engineering techniques
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brinjal? Bt brinjal is genetically modified variety of brinjal which gives more resistant to Brinjal plant against insects. In technical terms Bt Brinjal is a transgenic brinjal created by inserting a gene [Cry 1Ac] from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (and hence the name Bt) into Brinjal. The insertion of the gene into the Brinjal cell in young cotyledons has been done through an Agro bacterium-mediated vector‚ along with other genes like promoters‚ markers etc. This genetic insertion
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isolate a gene responsible for conferring drought tolerance‚ introduce that gene into a plant‚ and make it drought tolerant. Crops can also be transformed using non-plant genes such as the use of Bt genes‚ in cotton and many other crops. Bt‚ or Bacillus thuringiensis‚ is a naturally occurring bacterium that produces crystal proteins that are lethal only to insect larvae. Bt crystal protein genes have been transferred into cotton‚ soya‚ corn‚ brinjal‚ enabling the plants to produce its own pesticides against
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