produce the veneer and this in turn affects the management personnel through the production efficiency‚ sales‚ and costs associated with the production of the veneer (Spector‚ 2008). The company would be more successful if the two groups of employees had more respect for each other and improved their communication methods (Spector‚ 2008). Right now‚ there is a bulletin board where employees can read the latest news about the business. The management seems to disregard the floor employees as unimportant
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from http//www.ebscohost.com Narasmhan‚ S. & Kannan‚ V. (2011). Total quality management as the foundation of sustainability-turning a new leaf. European Journal of Social Sciences 24(3) 2011. Retrieved May 4‚ 2012 from http//www.ebscohost.com Spector‚ B. (2010). Implementing Organizational Change: Theory into practice (2nd ed). Pearson Prentice Hall.
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Organizational Psychology Industrial and Organizational (I/O) psychology is a field of psychology that “involves the scientific study of the human side of organizations and includes the application of the principles and findings of the research” (Spector‚ 2008‚ p. 4). This field consists of research psychologists‚ who conduct the research‚ and practicing psychologist‚ who apply the results of the research to various situations. This field started by adopting various disciplines from other fields of
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Phases in the Organizational Change Process Spector (2010) stated “organizational change is typically initiated in response to a trigger event or a shift in the environment that precipitates a need for altered strategies and new patterns of employee behavior” (p.18). According to Spector (2010)‚ to understand and analyze the dynamics of change it is important to sort out and distinguish the different approaches that can be taken. In chapter one Spector gives the reader insight into the Concord Bookshop
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organizational barriers and individual barriers (Spector‚ 2010). Some individual barriers that I see occurring in the Concord Bookshop incident are fear of the unknown; managers failing to furnish realistic information in a timely fashion can add to an employee’s uncertainty (Spector‚ 2010). A second barrier would include reduction in personal need fulfillment; lacking an understanding of management’s intentions often leads to a disruption of employee’s expectations (Spector‚ 2010). This resulted in some Concord
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development and application of scientific principles within the workplace (Spector 2012). Many of the concepts that are explored in industrial-organizational psychology appear in the movie such as occupational stress‚ job satisfaction and job motivation. Occupational Stress In the occupational stress process‚ job strains play a role in the negative reactions that an employee experiences due to different stressors (Spector 2012). Job strains can be categorized in three different reactions‚ such
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Technological advances‚ variations in the consumer marketplace‚ and evidence-based research dictate that in order for an organization to remain viable‚ it needs to be amenable to change. This does not mean‚ however‚ that organizations change effectively (Spector‚ 2010). Scientists have formulated many theories for describing processes to implement change in an organization‚ in hopes that understanding change and forces that resist it will lead to effective strategies. In this paper‚ I will review one of
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happen for Skinner. He did not make it this far in his process; Skinner’s process lacked stages one and two. According to Spector (2013)‚ refreezing is where a new equilibrium and new patterns of behavior are started as the new status quo. Had Skinner followed the stages correctly‚ this would be the point to which he reiterated his new motto “Release early‚ release often!” (Spector‚ 2013‚ p. 48). If Skinner had followed Lewin’s model of change implementation‚ his vision would have been accepted and
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References: Spector‚ P.E.‚ Zhou‚ Z.E.‚ & Che‚ X.X. (2013). Nurse exposure to physical and nonphysical violence‚ bullying and sexual harassment: A quantitative review. Nursing Studies‚ 51(1): 72-84 >>>>> https://studentsimple.com >>> only $1 for 1‚500‚000 Research Papers
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variety of counseling‚ rehabilitation‚ and support services” (United States Department of Labor‚ 2010‚ para. 1). The job description‚ tasks involved‚ requirements‚ and KSAOs [KSAOs stands for-“knowledge‚ skills‚ abilities‚ and other characteristics” (Spector‚ 2008‚ p. 57)] will vary depending and the specialty the counseling position falls under. The United States Department of Labor website (2010) provides descriptions for different types of counseling positions; stating that “mental health
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