ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Chronic Kidney Disease Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system is sometimes called the circulatory system. It consists of the heart‚ which is a muscular pumping device‚ and a closed system of vessels called arteries‚ veins‚ and capillaries. As the name implies‚ blood contained in the circulatory system is pumped by the heart around a closed circuit of vessels as it passes again and again through the various "circulations" of the body. The Heart * The heart
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The Respiratory System STRUCTURAL PLAN Basic plan of respiratory system would be similar to an inverted tree if it were hollow; leaves of the tree would be comparable to alveoli‚ with the microscopic sacs enclosed by networks of capillaries (Figure 14-1) Passive transport process of diffusion is responsible for the exchange of gases that occur during respiration. RESPIRATORY TRACTS Upper respiratory tract—nose‚ pharynx‚ and larynx Lower respiratory tract—trachea‚ bronchial tree‚ and lungs
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Harvey (1578-1657) discovered how blood circulates through the body. These are just a few of the many contributors who added to our understanding of the human body and how it functions. Anatomy is the study of the structure or morphology of the body and how the body parts are organized. | | | Physiology is the study of the functions of body parts‚ what they do and how they do it. These two areas of the organization of the body are so closely associated that it is difficult to separate them
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM The respiratory system consists of all the organs involved in breathing. These include the nose‚ pharynx‚ larynx‚ trachea‚ bronchi and lungs. The respiratory system does two very important things: it brings oxygen into our bodies‚ which we need for our cells to live and function properly; and it helps us get rid of carbon dioxide‚ which is a waste product of cellular function. The nose‚ pharynx‚ larynx‚ trachea and bronchi all work like a system of pipes through which
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1.1 The skin is the largest organ of the body and it acts as a waterproof protector for all the internal organs and it consist of four distinct layers: The epidermis‚ the basement membrane zone‚ the dermis and the subcutaneous layer. The epidermis which is the outer layer and is a protective multi-layered self-renewing structure which varies in thickness depending on which part of the body it covers. The dermis is underneath the epidermis‚ this is a layer of connective tissue which provides the
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Respiration §The act or process of inhaling and exhaling §Functions of Respiratory System §Gas exchange between blood and air §Move air to and from exchange surfaces §Protect exchange surfaces from environmental variations and pathogens §Produce sound §Detect olfactory stimuli Types of respiratory organ §1. Aquatic respiration §A. cell membrane – amoeba‚ paramecium §C. gills – mollusks and arthropods §1. papulae – finger-like dermal branchiae §Eg. Starfish
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Anatomy and Physiology I Exam Review‚ Units 1-4 1. The smallest structures that biologists consider being alive are A. organisms. B. organs. C. macromolecules. D. cells. E. organelles. Review levels of organization. 2. Cells contain smaller structures called ___ that carry out their metabolic functions. Review the structure of the cell and know the functions of each of the organelles. 3. Many physiological processes are controlled by self-correcting ___ loops.
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______________ 1. The word "anatomy" comes from: A. Latin and means "to be born". B. Hebrew and means "shape". C. Greek and means "to cut apart". D. German and means "body". E. Italian and means "form". 2. Anatomy is the study of: A. stars. B. function. C. sharp tools. D. structure and form. E. word histories. 3. Since the body has been the same for thousands of years‚ anatomy is considered a static classification system instead of a dynamic science.
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_____________________________________________________________ The physiology of human blood circulation can be divided into two distinct but remarkably harmonized processes: (1) the pumping of blood by the heart‚ and (2) the transport of blood to all body tissues via the vasculature‚ or blood vessels. Blood supplies all body tissues with the substances needed for survival‚ so it is vital that blood delivery is ample for tissue demands. The Mechanics of Circulation To understand how blood is transported
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Question 1 1 out of 1 points A thick filament consists of Answer Selected Answer: D. myosin. Question 2 1 out of 1 points Which of the following structures is most like an exoskeleton? Answer Selected Answer: E. a suit of armor Question 3 1 out of 1 points Which of the following structures constitutes part of the axial skeleton? Answer Selected Answer: C. skull Question 4 1 out of 1 points Which of the following attaches the forelimbs to the axial skeleton in
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