Efectul laser Laserul este un dispozitiv optic care generează un fascicul coerent de lumină. Fasciculele laser au mai multe proprietăți care le diferențiază de lumina incoerentă produsă de exemplu de Soare sau de becul cu incandescență: * monocromaticitate — un spectru în general foarte îngust de lungimi de undă; * direcționalitate — proprietatea de a se propaga pe distanțe mari cu o divergență foarte mică și‚ ca urmare‚ capacitatea de a fi focalizate pe o arie foarte mică; * intensitate
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a área disciplinar da “Dinâmica de Grupos” na tentativa de integrar todas essa terias sobre os fenómenos de grupos (Bales‚ 1985). Uma vez que as actividades em grupo exigem elevado grau de coordenação entre os elementos‚ principalmente em situações mais críticas‚ surgiu a necessidade de uma abordagem técnica e científica sobre o tema. Assim‚ o trabalho em grupo‚ ou o que vulgarmente se designa de trabalho em equipa‚ sendo certo que os termos apresentam diferenças‚ embora sejam muitas vezes utilizados
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“Gwnaeth ymateb y Pab i bolisiau crefyddol Elisabeth fwy o niwed i’r berthynas Lloegr a’r pwerau Catholig nag unrhyw ffactor arall.” Trafodwch. Anghytunaf gyda’r gosodiad hwn- credaf fod ffactorau eraill pwysicach a wnaeth effeithio fwy ar hyn na’r Babaeth. Er hynny‚ rhaid cofio fod gan y Babaeth mwy o rym yn y cyfnod hwnnw na sydd yn bodoli heddiw. Roedd dylanwad y Pab yn arwyddocaol i’r Reciwsantiaid‚ ond nid oedd yn golygu llawer i Gatholigion dros Ewrop I gyd gan fod yna resymau eraill a
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substances and absorb toxic metabolites this organism is often grown on media with rich concentrations of blood‚ or charcoal. ("Pertussis."). Two different solid cultures that are used in growing B. pertussis are Bordet-Gengou agar (BGA) and Regan-Lowe agar (RLA). Bordet- Gengou agar contains potato starch and is peptone free‚ also an inhibitory substance. It also contains glycerol as a stabilizer‚ and an antibiotic‚ such as penicillin‚ to restrain gram positive organisms from growing‚ although the
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human body samples by culturing them on the appropriate media using aseptic transfer techniques. Materials • Distilled water • Test tube • 6 Unopened packages of 1 sterile cotton swab • 2 sterile nutrient agar Petri dishes • 1 sterile blood agar Petri dish • Incubator • Refrigerator • Bunsen burner • Gas connection • Plastic tubing • Inoculating loop • 12 sterile glass slides • Wax pencil • Igniter • Crystal violet dye
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Buffers‚ and pH‚ and Diffusion oh my The pH of a solution is the measure of the concentration of charged Hydrogen ions in that given solution. A solution with a pH lower than seven is considered to be acidic. A solution with a higher pH is a base. It is very important for organisms to maintain a stable pH. Biological molecules such as proteins function only at a certain pH level and any changes in pH can result in them not functioning properly. To maintain these constant pH levels‚ buffer solutions
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Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis Wendy Heck Bio 175: General Microbiology Fall 2012-11-21 Staphylococcus aureus is the most pathogenic for humans and Staphylococcus epidermidis is part of the normal flora and is of low pathogenicity. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus are two medically important species of bacteria. A culture from the nose and throat was taken to perform whether or not Staphylococcus epidermidis or Staphylococcus aureus
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ascus. The spores germinate and form hyphae (Campbell‚ 64) Species of the genus Sordaria share a number of characteristics that are advantageous for genetic studies. They all have a short life cycle‚ usually 7-12 days‚ and are easy to grow on nutrient agar in dish cultures. All kinds of mutants are easily induced and readily obtainable with particular ascospore color mutants. These visual mutants aid in tetrad analysis‚ especially in analysis of intragenic recombination. ( Campbell 72) A common
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responses in sensitised people‚ causing respiratory diseases such as hayfever and asthma (Knox‚ Ladiges‚ Evans and Saints 2006). A variety of techniques can be used to identify the diversity and density of fungi within the Sydney Basin. The use of agar plate exposure allows microbial colonies to culture within a sterile environment. These colonies can be identified using dichotomous keys (School of Biological Sciences 2010) under compound and dissecting microscopes. This type of analysis is appropriate
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This was done using an inoculating needle and aseptically transferring the bacteria into a slant of Simmon’s citrate agar by stabbing the needle into the butt of the agar‚ then streaking it across the top of the agar as the needle was pulled out. The tube was then placed in the 37 degrees Celsius incubator for 48 hours‚ observed for a blue color‚ then placed back in the incubator for another 5 days and observed again
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