due to the people shifting to Metro for commuting. In 2009‚ the Metro will take the daily share of 57‚953 vehicles for all other modes of travel such as cars‚ buses‚ two-wheelers‚ auto-rickshaws‚ etc. „« Vehicle cost saving : The annual vehicle (capital and operating) cost saving will almost triple from Rs.93.21 crore in 2007 to Rs.276.24 crore this year. „« Reduction in emission of greenhouse gases : The increasing use of the Metro will result in prevention of emission of 131‚395.34 tonnes of
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Working Capital Management Submitted to: Submitted by: Mr. Mukesh Hans Swati Chaudhry MBA-IIsem Working Capital Management The working capital management is a delicate area in the field of financial management. Every business needs investment to procure fixed assets‚ which remain in use for a longer period. Money invested in these assets is called ‘Long term Funds’ or ‘Fixed Capital’. Business also needs funds for short-term purposes to finance current operations. Investment
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Assignment: Capital Structure PART A 1. Apple Corporation has 2.5 million shares outstanding with a market value of $2.00 each (expected return = 16%) and debt with a market value of $1‚ 000‚000 and a return of 10% Required a. What is the return on the capital of Apple Corporation? [Show all workings and formulae) [7.5 marks] 2. Samsung generates pre-tax earnings of $2‚000‚000 per year. Currently it has issued 1 million shares which sell for $10 each. Samsung has no debt in
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that the huge surge in international capital flows since early 1990s has created unprecedented opportunities for the developing countries like India to achieve accelerated economic growth. International financial institutions routinely advise developing countries to adopt policy regimes that encourage capital inflows. Since the introduction of the reform process in the early 1990s‚ India has witnessed a significant increase in capital inflows. The size of net capital inflows to India increased from US
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- 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction Capital structure concept holds a major place in a financial management. Capital structure refers the proportion of debt and equity capital .A perfect balance between debt and equity is required to ensure tradeoff between risk and return. Thus‚ optimal capital structure means the capital structure having reasonable of proportion of debt and equity. An optimal financial structure makes better use of society’s fund of capital resource ‚and thus it increase the total
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Essay by George Kotselopoulos Why do countries trade with each other? Show‚ using examples‚ why this may be to do with the principle of comparative advantage. International trade is the barter of goods and services between nations. The reason of such exchanges is because each country has access to different forms of natural‚ human‚ and capital resources; as well as a different way to use them for production of goods and services. Therefore countries are not always able to supply the goods its
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bank capital in the banking business. This report briefly outlines the main functions of bank capital and takes a brief look at the benefits of bank capital to the bank and the banking industry. It is hoped that from reading this paper a general understanding of the roles of bank capital in the banking business can be gained. Bank Capital A bank ’s capital also known as equity is the margin by which creditors are covered if the bank ’s assets were liquidated. A bank must hold enough capital to protect
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Advantages of Monopoly: Monopolies do not always lead to increased prices‚ lower outputs and welfare losses. In fact‚ monopolies can often lead to increases in society’s welfare as large monopolists benefit from economies of scale in production and distribution. These falls in costs can often be passed on to consumers in the form of lower priced products. We will now discuss briefly some of the potential advantages of monopolistic market structures. • Lower production costs and increased welfare
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the capital markets: A review of the empirical disclosure literature$ Paul M. Healy*‚ Krishna G. Palepu Graduate School of Business‚ Harvard University‚ Boston‚ MA 02446‚ USA Received 14 January 2000; received in revised form 16 March 2001 Abstract Financial reporting and disclosure are potentially important means for management to communicate firm performance and governance to outside investors. We provide a framework for analyzing managers’ reporting and disclosure decisions in a capital markets
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My comparative advantage in the labor market is as a Senior Administrative Assistant. The understanding of the duties of a Senior Administrative Assistant is often misunderstood to be a non-specialized occupation that doesn’t require any expertise. Presently‚ the administrative assistant job market is changing drastically due to employment trends which require a broadening and expanding of the functions and obligations of an administrative assistant. “Because of new technology‚ the administrative
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